Lepidoptera. 5 1 



20. Hind wings with three anal veins, the first often fading out toward base. .21 

 Hind wing with two anal veins or less, at most with a short spur of the first 



anal at the margin in the broad-winged forms 22 



21. Subcosta and radius in hind wings closely parallel, or fused beyond the end 



of the cell; small, rarely moderate-sized moths (see couplet 17). 



PYRALIDID^;, part 

 Subcosta and radius strongly divergent from before the end of the cell. . . .58 



22. Large stout moths, almost always two inches or more in expanse, the hind 



wings rarely reaching beyond the middle of the abdomen; subcosta and 

 radius of hind wing connected by a stong crossvein at, or rather before the 

 middle of the cell, then closely parallel to the end of the cell or beyond; 

 antennae generally thickened medially and often hooked or recurved at tip. 

 Sphinx caterpillars; Hawk moths. (Phlegethontius, Sphinx, Phdlus, 



Deilephila.) SPHINGES 



Wings proportionately larger, subcosta and radius rarely connected by a 

 strong cross vein, and if so, strongly divergent beyond it; antennae very 

 rarely swollen apically 23 



23. Accessory cell (a small cell in front of the end of the discal cell) separated by 



a full-sized vein, or completely absent 24 



Accessory cell fused with the discal cell, but with a slight thickening at the 

 line of separation; small species, less than one inch in expanse 58 



24. Cubitus of fore wings apparently three-branched (very rarely two-branched) . 25 

 Cubitus of fore wings apparently four-branched 40 



25. Frenulum normal, well-developed 26 



Frenulum vestigial or absent, always less than one-fifteenth the length of the 



hind wings 33 



26. Subcosta and radius in hind wing sharply divergent from near the base; small, 



delicate moths with large wings. (Callizzia, Calledapteryx.) 



EPIPLEMID^E 



Subcosta and radius in hind wing fused or approximated for at least part of 

 their course (PI. 10, fig. 228) 27 



27. Subcosta and radius in hind wing separate at extreme base, then close together 



or fused for a greater or less distance 28 



Subcosta and radius fused from base to beyond middle of hind wing, swollen 

 at the base then rapidly diverging, very slender; rather small moths, usually 

 of dull colors and with finely scaled wings, the fore pair narrow and the 

 hind pair broad (see couplet 54) LITHOSHD^, part 



28. Stout-bodied moths, the width of the- thorax at least one-sixth the length of 



the fore wing 29 



Slender moths 32 



29. Subcosta moderately thickened and curved at the base 30 



A strong brace-vein from an angle near the base of the subcosta to the root of 



the frenulum (see couplet 32) GEOMETRID^E, part 



30. Cubitus in hind wing apparently three-branched 31 



Cubitus in hind wing apparently four-branched; medium-sized moths with 



