Diptera. 63 



13. Tibiae with apical spurs, coxae usually long; three or two ocelli almost always 



present; eyes separated. Fungus-gnats. (Mycetophila, Macrocera, My- 

 comyia (=SbpAi7o), Ceroplatus) (PI. 12, fig. 280) (FUNGIVORID&). 



MYCETOPHiLIDjE 



Tibiae usually without apical spurs; often no ocelli; coxae at most moderately 

 long U 



14. Costa continuing around the hind margin of the wing; wings almost always 



finely hairy and usually with three longitudinal veins, the last forked, and 

 without apparent cross veins; eyes usually separated; minute, delicate 

 species. Gall-gnats. (Cecidomyia, Mayetiola [M. destructor, Hessian fly], 

 Dasyneura, Lasioptera, Contarrnia [C. tritici, Wheat midge; C. (=Diplosis) 

 pyrivora, Pear midge].) (PI. 11, fig. 242; PL 12, fig. 262). 



(ITON1D1D&) CECIDOMYIID^ 



Costa not or but weakly continued on the hind margin, more than three veins 

 present; eyes usually meeting above in the males 15 



15. Antennal joints more or less constricted, often feathered and bushy hi the 



male, six to fifteen in number; wings usually narrow; eyes kidney-shaped 

 or oval; ocelli wanting or vestigial. Midges, Gnats, Punkies. Ceratopdgon 

 [Punkies], Chironomus, Orthocladius, Tanypus) (Including ERETMOP- 

 TERID^E and STENOXENID^) (TENDIPEDIDfl}. 



CHIRONOMIDJE 



Antennal joints rarely constricted and at most verticillate, i. e. furnished with 

 whorls of loose hairs; wings usually more oval; eyes kidney-shaped, meeting 

 on the vertex; ocelli distinct 16 



16. Antennal joints longer than broad; hind margin of the wing slightly thickened; 



tibial spurs distinct; eyes narrow above the front. (Sciara, Lestremia, 



Campylomyza) (LYCORIIDM) SCIARID^ 



Antennal joints shorter than broad; hind margin of the wing not thickened; 

 eyes relatively broad above the front. (Scat6pse, Aspistes.) 



SCATOPSIDjE 



17. Empodia developed pulvilliform, that is, three nearly equal pads under the 



tarsal claws (PI. 12, fig. 261); head and thorax without strong bristles. 



(EREMOCH^TA) 18 



Empodia wanting or represented by a bristly hair, therefore only two tarsal 

 pads (PI. 12, fig. 259); bristles often well developed; third antennal joint 

 never truly annulated 25 



18. Third joint of the antennae complex, annulated into four to eight apparent 



segments, or the antennae more than five- jointed 19 



Third joint of the antennae simple, not composed of rings 23 



19. No vein on the hind margin of the wings, prefurca (i. e. the petiole of the second 



and third veins) arising opposite the base of the small and anteriorly placed 

 discal cell, anterior veins usually crowded near the costa, the other veins 

 faint; scutellum often armed. (Stratiomyia, Sargus, Nemotelus) (PI. 11, 



fig. 244) STRATIOMYIID^B 



Costa continuing around the hind margin of the wing, prefurca longer (short 

 only in Pantophthalmidae), veins not crowded forward, the fork of the third 

 vein usually enclosing the tip of the wing, five posterior cells 



