SECTION VII. BRYOPIIYTA (LIVERWORTS 

 AND M ISSES 



A. HEPATICAE (LIVERWORTS) 

 GAMETOPHYTE 



The following outline for laboratory work is based upon the 

 relation of structure to function in liverworts. The outlines 

 are made so general in their nature that any one of several 

 species of thallose liverworts may be used. The term thaUus 

 applies to a plant body without true roots, stem, and leaves. 

 1. Habitat. From observations of living material and text 

 figures and descriptions determine whether liverworts 

 are typically mesophytic, hydrophytic, or xerophytic 

 in habitat. 

 i'. Habit and growth. 



a. The apical meristem of liverworts is located in the 



Hutches, or indentations, at the ends of the green 

 lobes of the plant body, or thallus. With this knowl- 

 edge determine the method of elongation and repeated 

 forking (dichotomy) of the branches. How is the 

 I'-Kte form or />}(* and similar liverworts 



attained by this method of growth ? How would 

 new independent individuals arise from a rosette, 

 or colony of branches ? Is this a form of asexual or 

 of vegetative reproduction ? 



b. Sketch a liverwort with several lobes, or branches. 



c. Discuss briefly in your notes the method of growth 



and the formation of rosettes and of new individuals. 

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