these lands from cultivated crops is to be compensated by 

 more intensive cultivation of the flat lands. Gently sloping 

 fields are to be terraced or strip cropped. These changes, 

 plus contour plowing, crop rotation, and the repair of eroding 

 gullies and stream banks, constitute the essential features of 

 the restoration movement. It is interesting to note that the 

 plans include the planting in odd spots of sorghum, millet, 

 sunflowers and so on, as feed for wildlife. (Fig. 34.) 



In the Coon Valley of Wisconsin is found one of the demon- 

 strations of how an entire small drainage area may, under the 

 leadership and supervision of a bureau of the Federal Govern- 

 ment, plan and carry through the rehabilitation of its unwit- 

 tingly abused lands the restoration of diminishing individual 

 and community assets. The Soil Conservation Service is at 

 present carrying on 130 similar soil conservation demonstra- 

 tion projects in eroding areas throughout the United States; 

 and in addition smaller demonstrations maintained by C. C. C. 

 labor. This leadership of the appropriate agency of the 

 Federal Government is necessary for the planning, and for 

 effective organization and execution. But there must be 

 among the landowners themselves in each locality, leaders 

 who see the problem and can bring the ready assistance of the 

 Federal bureaus to focus on it, and all landowners of the area 

 must contribute support to their constructive leaders and 

 cooperative effort to the assisting Federal agency. 



[d\ COUNTY, STATE, AND FEDERAL GOVERNMENTS. 



This report is concerned with headwater streams and other 

 little waters; not with major tributaries, large rivers, and 

 other great waters. Navigation, flood control, major hydro- 

 power, regional irrigation and reclamation, and other great 

 land and water regulation problems are already the concern 

 of the Federal Government and of cooperating States. The 

 Federal Government, the States, and counties should recog- 

 nize also responsibility and opportunity in the problems pre- 

 sented by little waters. Many of the problems which appear 

 on the larger streams, such as extremes of flood crests, 

 extremes of low-water flow, and siltation of reservoirs, are 

 complicated and increased by neglect of regulation and con- 



