MACACUS. 17 



another specimen 18 and 10. These are from Travancore speci- 

 mens, measured by Mr. F. W. Bourdillon, and show much variation 

 in the length of the tail. A female skull measures : Length to 

 occiput 4-4 inches, basal length 3-1, breadth 2-9. 



Distribution. The forests of the Syhadri range or Western Ghats 

 near the Malabar coast from about 14 north to Cape Comorin, 

 and at a considerable elevation above the sea. Most common in 

 Cochin and Travancore. 



Habits. The lion-tailed Monkey, according to Jerdon, to whom 

 we are indebted for the only authentic account of this animal i a 

 wild state, inhabits the most dense and unfrequented forests of 

 the hills near the Malabar coast in herds of from twelve to twenty 

 or more. It is shy and wary. In captivity it is sulky and savage, 

 and not easily taught. The call of the male is said (J. A. S. B. 

 xxviii, p. 283) to resemble the voice of a man. 



As I have shown elsewhere (P.Z. 8. 1887, p. 620), this monkey 

 is not Simia silemis of Linnaeus, nor is it S. veter of the same 

 author. As, however, the specific name silemis has been used 

 generally for this species for more than a century, naturalists are 

 unwilling to change it. The name Wanderoo, usually applied to 

 M. silenus by European naturalists, is also a mistake, being the 

 Ceylon name of the Semnopitheci, erroneously given to the pre- 

 sent species by Buffon. The " lion-tailed Monkey " is a name of 

 Pennant's. 



6. Macacus arctoides. The brown stump-tailed Monkey. 



Macacus arctoides, Is. Geoffr. Mag. Zool. 1833, Cl. i, pi. 11 ; Murie, 

 P. Z. S. 1872, p. 770 ; Anderson, An. Zool. Res. p. 45, pis. i, ii j 

 id. Cat. p. 74. 



Papio melanotus, Ogilby, P. Z. S. 1839, p. 31. 



Macacus brunneus, Anderson, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 628 j id. 1872, p. 203, 

 pi. xii (juv.). 



Inuus speciosus, Slyth, Mam. Birds Surma, p. 6. 



Hair on head and shoulders very long, as much as 4 inches in 

 adults. Tail very short, almost rudimentary, sparsely clad with 

 hair or naked in old animals ; buttocks naked for some distance 

 around callosities. Caudal vertebra 11 (probably fewer in some 

 individuals). 



Colour. Dark brown ; in some specimens blackish brown above, 

 paler below. In the young the hairs are the same tint through- 

 out, in older individuals the terminal portion of each hair is very 

 closely and minutely annulated with several alternating rings of 

 golden yellow and dark brown. Face and buttocks bright red. 



Dimensions. Probably about 2 feet in length, the tail only one 

 to two inches. No trustworthy measurements of adults are 

 recorded. An adult male skull measures 5-3 inches in extreme 

 length, 3-7 in basal length, and 3'5 in zygomatic breadth. 



Distribution. Not very well ascertained. Apparently this 

 monkey is found in some of the hill-ranges south of Assam, and 



c 



