30 CEBCOPITHECID^. 



and indolent. Older animals are not unfrequently morose and 

 savage. None of this group are so docile or so amusing as the 

 Macaci, and even in the wild state the Hanuman appears quieter, 

 less possessed by an insatiable curiosity, less sportive, and also 

 less quarrelsome. His behaviour is more in accordance with the 

 extreme gravity of his appearance. 



The female Hanuma'n is said not unfrequently to have twins, 

 although one young at a time is the rule, as throughout the order. 

 The period of gestation does not appear to have been ascertained, 

 nor the age at which these monkeys become adult. 



13. Semnopithecus schistaceus. The Himalayan Langiir. 



Semnopithecus schistaceus, Hodgson, J. A. S. B. ix, p. 1212 (1841) ; 



Anderson, An. Zool Res. p. 16 ; id. Cat. p. 37. 

 Presbytis schistaceus, Blyth, Cat. p. 11 ; Jerdon, Mam. p. 6. 



Ldngur, Hindi. 



No crest. Fur long. The hair of the crown radiates from a 

 point some distance behind the eyebrows, as in S. entellus. The 

 ears are smaller than in that species, and concealed by the long 

 hair of the che'eks. Tail slightly but distinctly tufted at the end. 



Colour. Back, tail, and outside of limbs earthy or greyish brown, 

 frequently with a slight purplish tinge. Shoulders and a band 

 down the fore limbs often darker. Crown and sides of head and 

 the lower parts whitish. Feet and hands externally the same 

 colour as the limbs, or very little darker. Face and ears black ; a 

 little black hair on parts of the face. 



Dimensions. A moderate-sized individual measures 30 inches 

 from muzzle to rump, tail 36. An adult male skull is 5-7 inches 

 in extreme, 4-15 in basal length, 4-35 broad. This species is the 

 largest of the Indian and Burmese forms, and probably of the 

 whole genus. 



Distribution. Throughout the greater portion of the Himalayas 

 from Kashmir to Bhutan, the most western authenticated locality 

 being the Wurdwan valley above Kishtwar (J. A. S. B. xlvi, p't. 2, 

 p. 284). In Sikhim S. schistaceus is confined to the interior at 

 elevations of from 7000 to 12,000 feet. It is found at similar 

 elevations in the "Western Himalayas, but it is also said to occur 

 at the base of the Himalayas. As stated under the last species, it 

 remains to be seen whether the Langurs of the Terai and lower 

 Himalayan slopes are not S. entellus. I can find no record, by a 

 competent naturalist, of S. schistaceus below 5000 or 6000 feet. 



This monkey is included in a list of mammals found in the 

 N"aga hills (J. A. S. B. xliv, pt. 1, p. 332), but probably some other 

 species has been mistaken for it. The statement that large 

 monkeys are found in Kafiristan (J. A. S. B. xxviii, p. 332) re- 

 quires confirmation. 



Habits. Except in inhabiting a much cooler climate, this Langur 

 differs but little from the Hanuman. monkey in habits. Hutton 



