34 CEECOPITHECIDJE. 



Colour. Glossy black to blackish brown except the head, which 

 is some tint of brownish yellow, and the ruinp and base of the 

 tail, which are generally ashy grey in adults and occasionally in the 

 young. In the female there is always a yellowish-white patch 

 inside each thigh (Davisori). The very young animal is black 

 throughout. 



Dimensions. Head and body 21 to 23 inches, tail 32 to 35 ; 

 weight 23 Ibs. In a very large male the head and body measured 

 29 inches, tail 37. Females are rather smaller than males. The 

 above measurements are from TraA r ancore and Animale specimens 

 by Mr.Tf. Bourdillon and Mr. T. Hornaday. The skull of a 

 female barely adult measures 2-45 inches in basal, 3'7 in extreme 

 length, and 2-65 in zygomatic breadth, but this is doubtless a 

 small specimen. 



Distribution. Found throughout the higher portions of the 

 Southern Syhadri or Western Ghats from the Wynaad to Cape 

 Comorin, not descending below 2500 or 3000 feet elevation. 

 Common on the Nilgiri, Palnai, and Animale hills. Not known 

 on the Shevrai (Shevaroy) or other ranges east of the Syhadri. 



Habits. This animal is shy and wary, the result of human perse- 

 cution. It inhabits the sholas or dense but abruptly-limited woods 

 of the Nilgiris and other high ranges of Southern India, and is 

 also found in the forests on the slopes of the hills, usually in small 

 troops of from five to ten individuals. It is very noisy, having a 

 loud guttural alarm cry, used also to express anger, and a long 

 loud call. Jerdon relates that when the sholas of the Nilgiri 

 range were beaten for game, these monkeys made their way 

 rapidly and with loud cries to the lowest portion and thence to a 

 neighbouring wood at a lower level. 



In consequence of the beauty of their skins, and the circum- 

 stance that certain castes eat their flesh, these monkeys are more 

 frequently shot than most of the Indian species, "hence their 

 shyness. 



17. Semnopithecus cephalopterus. The purple-faced Monkey. 



Cercopithecus vetulus, Erxl. Syst. Reg. An., Mam. p. 25 (1777), 



partim. 



Cercopithecus kephalopterus, Zimm. Geog. Gesch. ii, p. 185 (1780). 

 Cercopithecus leucoprymnus, Otto, Acad. C&s. Leop. Nova Acta, xii, 



p. 605, pi. xlvi bis (1825). 

 Presbytis cephalopterus, Blyth, J. A. S. 3. xvi, pp. 734, 1271 ; 



Kelaart, Prod. p. 1 ; Blyth, Cat. p. 13. 

 ? Presbytis thersites, JEUiot, Blyth, J. A. S. S. xvi, p. 1271, pi. liv, 



f. 3 ; Blanford, P. Z. S. 1887, p. 626. 

 Semnopithecus cephalopterus, Schleqel, Mon. Singes Mris. P.-B. p. 51 



Anderson, An. Zool. Res. p. 22 ; 'id. Cat. p. 43. 

 Semnopithecus kelaarti, Schlegel, 1. c. p. 52. 



Kalhi Wand^-u (and Elli Wanderu ?), Cingalese. 



Hair of crown directed backward, not radiating. Whiskers 



