144 



Cuon primajvus, Hodgs. A. M. N. H. i, p. 152 (1838) ; Cak. Journ. 



N. H. ii, pp. 208,412 ; Adams, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 514. 

 ? Cuon grayiformis, Hodgs. Cat. Mam. Sfc. Nepal $ Tibet B. M. 2nd 



ed. p. 5 (1863). 

 Cuon rutilans, Blyth, Cat. p. 37 ; Jerdon, Mam. p. 145 (nee Mullet-). 



Son-kutta, Rdm-kutta, Jangli, or Ban-kutta, II. ; Kolsun, Kolasna, 

 Kolasra,Kolsa,^>L&hr.; Eram-naiko,Gond.; Tani, HoKol; Vatai-karau, 

 Tarn. ; Reza-Kutd, Adavi-Kiitd, Tel. ; Shin-nai, Mai. ; Rdm-hun, Kash- 

 mir ; Siddaki, Ladak ; Bhaosa, Bhdnsa, Budnsu, in the Himalayas from 

 Simla to Nipal ; Nazi, Phard, Tibetan ; Paoho, Bhot. ; Sa-tum, Lepcha. 



The general form is rather that of the jackal than of the wolf, 

 the legs being shorter than in the latter. Fur long, with thick 

 woolly underfur in Tibetan and Himalayan skins. The tail is a 

 good brush. General form stout. The upper sectoral is decidedly 

 longer than the two upper true molars together. 



Colour. On upper parts generally rusty red, varying in some 

 specimens to rufous grey or even light brownish grey, paler below. 

 The colour is generally not uniform, being variegated by dark tips 

 to the dorsal hair. The underfur, when present, varies in colour 

 from light brown to dull rufous on the upper parts, and has light- 

 coloured coarser hairs intermixed ; the longer hairs are light 

 rufous, with dark rusty-red tips. Terminal portion of tail black 

 (very rarely the extreme end is whitish). The young animals are 

 sooty brown throughout. 



Dimensions. Head and body of a male 37'5 inches, tail without 

 hair 8, with hair 14|, tarsus and hind foot 7| ; weight 27 Ibs. 

 "(Hodgson). The animal had been in confinement and was very 

 thin. A skull measures 6-5 inches in basal length, 4-2 in zygo- 

 matic breadth ; length of upper sectoral 0-85. 



Distribution. The Indian wild dog is found in Gilgit, Ladak, and 

 other parts of the Upper Indus valley ; it was obtained by Hodgson 

 from Eastern Tibet, and it occurs throughout the Himalayan forests 

 from Kashmir to Assam. It also inhabits all the larger forests of 

 the Indian Peninsula, but I cannot find it recorded from Ceylon 

 except by Jerdon, and he was perhaps misled by Hamilton Smith's 

 Chrysceus ceylanicus, which appears to have been a domestic or 

 semi-domestic dog. Kelaart distinctly denies the existence in 

 Ceylon of the present animal. 



It is doubtful whether the species found in the countries 

 between Assam and Tenasserim is this or the next. 



No Indian mammal has so remarkable a range as 0. dwWm- 

 nensis. Judging from other mammals, it might have been ex- 

 pected that the Tibetan and Himalayan species, C. primcevus of 

 Hodgson, would prove identical rather with the Siberian .C. 

 alpimts, Pallas, than with the Indian C. dukhunensis. But Scully 

 has shown (P. Z. S. 1881, p. 202) that C. alpinus is distinguished 

 by its much larger upper true molars, whilst no constant difference 

 has hitherto been detected between C. primcevus and C. dukhu- 

 nensis. 



Habite. The wild dog of the Indian Peninsula is a forest animal, 



