208 TUPAIID.E. 



their habits, feeding by day. They are generally divided into two 

 genera: Ttqtzi'i, the only form found in India and Burma, and 

 spread throughout the greater part of the Oriental region, and 

 Ptilocercug, the pen-tail, which is peculiar to Borneo. By some 

 writers another Bornean species and a Cambodian one are distin- 

 guished as Dendrogale. 



Genus TUPAIA, Baffles (1820). 



Syn. QUsarex, Desm. (1822) ; Cladobates, F. Cuv. (1825) ; Hylogale, 

 Temm. (1827). 



The general form remarkably like a squirrel. Limbs well deve- 

 loped ; feet naked beneath, the sole furnished with projecting 

 pads, much as in a squirrel, there being especially a long, almost 

 linear projection on the inner sole of the hind foot. Claws mode- 

 rately curved and sharp. Head pointed; ears rounded. Tail 

 bushy, distichous, clothed with long hair above and at the sides, 

 and with short hair on the lower surface. 



Fig. 54. Skull of Tupaia ferruyinea. (Anderson, An. Zool. Res. pi. vii.) 

 Dentition : i. \, c. J={, pm. J=? m. |=?. The first or median 



6" 1 1* A 3 v 3 3 



upper incisors are at the end of the jaw, widely separated from 

 each other and from the second incisors ; the canine, which is 

 similar in size and shape, follows after another even longer in- 

 terval. The premolars increase in size backwards, the third, and 

 in some species the second, having a well-developed inner lobe. Of 

 the molars the first and second are nearly the same size, the third 

 is much smaller. In the lower jaw the first two incisors are in 

 contact, and project almost horizontally forward; the third is 

 smaller; the canine is variable, being sometimes larger than the 

 incisors, sometimes only the size of the third incisor. 



Vertebrae : C. 7, D. 13, L. 5, S. 3, C. 23-26. Mammje two 

 pairs, one inguinal, the other axillary. 



A full account of the osteology, together with descriptions of all 

 the species, is given by Anderson in his 'Zoological and Anatomical 

 Researches.' 



