BHINOLOPHIDJE. 267 



Dimensions of an adult male : head and body 4-5 inches, 

 tail 0-55, ear from orifice 0-75, forearm 2-85 ; 

 total length of skull 1-45, zygomatic breadth 0-8. 



Distribution. The types caine from the Farm 

 Caves, Moulmein. Specimens have also been re- 

 corded from Cambodia and Java (Dobson, P. Z. S. 

 1878, p. 877). 



Habits. This appears to be a cavern inhabitant 

 like Xantharpyia amplexicaudata. Nothing more 

 is known of its habits, and the uses to which ,,. t 

 the peculiar exteusile tongue of this genus and E lfeLa~ (Dob- 

 of Carponycteris is applied are unknown. son.Mou.As.Chir.) 



Suborder MICROCHIROPTERA. 



Family RHINOLOPHID^E. 



A well- developed nose-leaf, consisting of foliaceous skin-processes 

 around the nostrils, which are situated in a depression on the upper 

 surface of the muzzle. Ears large, generally separated ; no tragus. 

 Two phalanges in addition to the metacarpal bone in the middle 

 finger, index finger consisting only of the metacarpal. Premaxillary 

 bones rudimentary and suspended from the nasal cartilages. 



The upper incisors, two in number, are quite rudimentary ; the 

 first upper premolar minute ; the molars well developed, with acute 

 W-shaped cusps. The lower incisors are tricuspid. The milk-teeth 

 are absorbed before birth. 



The skull is large, the nasal bones much expanded. The females 

 have two nipple-shaped prominences in front of the pubis *. Tail 

 distinct, produced to the posterior margin of the interfemoral 

 membrane, 



The very complicated nasal appendages consist'of three parts, 

 generally to be traced (fig. 80, p. 268). (1) The flat anterior nose- 

 leaf, generally horseshoe-shaped, which more or less covers the sides 

 and anterior extremity of the muzzle, and includes the nasal aper- 

 tures, between or behind which (2) a median process or ridge, the 

 central nose-leaf or sdla, is placed ; whilst more posteriorly on 

 the face (3) the terminal or posterior nose-leaf arises vertically 

 from the forehead, or extends backwards between the ears. The 

 surface of the posterior nose-leaf is generally divided into cells by 

 ridges, transversely arranged in Ehinoloplms, longitudinally in 

 Hipposiderus. 



These are the most highly organized of insectivorous bats. 



* These probably represent the inguinal teats of other Mammals. Cantor, 

 J. A. S. B. xv, p. 182, records that a female Hipposiderne, during lactation, 

 had one of these inguinal warts much larger than the other. The youny 

 are taid to attach themselves to these prominences. 



U 



