234 



Habits. Hutton describes this species as not enveloping itself so 

 completely in its wings, when suspended by its feet, as Rhinolophi 

 do, and as keeping the tail and interfemoral membrane turned up 

 over the lower part of the back. He observed specimens at 

 Mussoorie in a loft, whence they issued before dark, or, during 

 cloudy and misty weather, before sunset, and flew with a slow 

 steady flight about the trees, capturing beetles and Cicadce. The 

 latter, as Hutton remarks, are peculiarly noisy just after sunset in 

 the rainy season and thus are easily found by the bats. 



When this bat is captured alive, Hutton says, the large ears are 

 kept in a constant state of rapid tremulous motion, and the animal 

 emits a low purring sound, which becomes a sharp squeak under 

 the influence of alarm or irritation. The tremulous motion of the 

 ears is common to the majority of insectivorous bats. 



According to Hodgson //. armiyer breeds once a year and pro- 

 duces two young towards the close of summer. 



160. Hipposiderus leptophyllum. Dobsoris leaf-nosed Bat. 



Phyllorhina leptophylla, Dobson, J. A. S. X. xliii, pt. 2, p. 234 

 (1874) ; id. Man. As. Chir. p. 66 ; id. Cat. Chir. B. M. p. 136 ; 

 Anderson, Cat. p. 114. 



" Ears rather large, broad and triangular, with subacute tips, 

 the outer margin slightly concave beneath the tip. The upper 

 (posterior) transverse nose-leaf small, upper edge simple, narrower 

 than the horseshoe portion, thin, the three vertical folds in front 

 faintly discernible at the base only ; the horseshoe with a small 

 incision in the centre of its front free edge ; frontal pore small, 

 placed at some distance behind the transverse nose-leaf. 



" Wing-membranes from the tibia, a short distance above the 

 ankle ; interfemoral membrane triangular, the extremity of the 

 tail projecting. 



" Fur and integuments dark throughout. 



" Distinguished from //. armiger by its considerably smaller 

 size, by the upper transverse nose-leaf being simple, not lobed above 

 as in that species, and by the incised front edge of the horseshoe, 

 which in //. armiger is invariably plain. 



" Length (of an adult male preserved in alcohol) : head and body 

 2-5 inches, tail 1-65, ear (from origin of outer margin) 0-9, fore- 

 arm 2-45." (Dobson.) 



Distribution. The Khasi hills, where a single specimen was ob- 

 tained by Col. H. H. Godwin-Austen. No other is known. The 

 above is copied from Dobson's description. 



161. Hipposiderus diadema. The large Malay leaf-nosed Eat. 



Rhinolophus diadema. Geoffrou, Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. xx. p. 203 



(1813). 

 Rhinoloplms nobilis, Horsfeld, Res. Java (1824). 



