MEGADERMA. 



293 



quite inside the anterior lobe of the large second premolar ; the last 

 molar is scarcely half the size of either of the anterior molars. 

 Lower incisors equal, tricuspid. The African forms want the first 

 upper premolar entirely. 



Species of Megaderma are found in Southern Asia, the Malay 

 Archipelago, in Australia and in Africa. Two forms occur within 

 Indian limits. 



Synopsis of Indian, Ceylonese, and Burmese Species. 



A. Posterior termination of nose-leaf truncated. ... M. lyra, p. 293. 



B. Posterior termination of nose-leaf rounded .... M. spasma, p. 294. 



169. Megaderma lyra. The Indian Vampire Bat. 



Megaderma lyra, Oeoffr. Ann. Mm. xv, p. 190(1810) ; Blyth, J. A. 



S. B. xi, p. 255, xiii, p. 480, xx, p. 156 ; id. Cat. p. 22 ; Kelaart, Prod. 



p. 11 ; Jerdon, Mam. p. 22 ; Dobson, P. A. S. B. 1872, p. 203 ; 



id. Mon. As. Chir. p. 78 ; id. Cat. Chir. B. M. p. 150 ; Anderson, 



Cat. p. 120. 



Vespertilio (Megaderma) carnatica, Elliot,, Mad. Jour. L. S. x, p. 96. 

 Megaderma spectrum, Wagner, HiigePs Kascluirir, iv, p. 569, pi. ; 



Jerdon, Mam. p. 22. 

 Megaderma schistacea, Hodgson, J. A. S. B. xvi, p. 889, pi. xxxix. 



Ears very large, extending, when laid forward, considerably 

 beyond the muzzle, their inner margins united for more than one 

 third the length ; their tips broadly rounded off, margins convex, 



Fig. 90. Head of Megaderma lyra. (Copied from Dobson, Oat. Chir. B. M.) 

 outer margins terminating halfway between the tragus and the angle 

 of the mouth. Tragus very large, bifid, the posterior portion long 

 and pointed, the anterior portion about half the length of the pos- 

 terior, rounded on its anterior margin and above. 



Nose-leaf rounded in front, not varying much in breadth, but 

 with a notch on each side behind the nostrils, dividing it into an 

 anterior and posterior portion, the latter much the longer, having 



