ARTIODACTYLA. 479 



Colour. The body behind the shoulders, including the rump and 

 upper part of the thighs, white or greyish white, tips of the ears the 

 same ; head, limbs, and fore part of body black or dark brown. 



The young at first are velvety black or brownish black, with spots 

 and longitudinal streaks of brownish yellow on the sides and of 

 white below. This coloration changes into that of the adult between 

 4 and 6 months after birth. 



Dimensions. Height at shoulder 3 ft. to 3 ft. 6 in., at rump 

 4 inches higher ; length from nose to tail, over curves, 8 feet. A 

 skull measures 15'75 inches in basal length by 8 in zygomatic 

 breadth. 



Distribution. The Malay Peninsula, extending north in Tenas- 

 serim as far as about N. lat. 15 ; also Sumatra. 



Habits. The Malay tapir is a shy, mild, and gentle creature, 

 inhabiting the wilder forests, and, it is said, avoiding inhabited 

 tracts. It is nevertheless, when captured, easily tamed. It is 

 fond of water, and is said to plunge in and walk along the bottom, 

 instead of swimming. 



Suborder ARTIODACTYLA. 



By far the majority of living Ungulates belong to 1 this suborder, 

 which comprises all the Euminants together with the hippopotami 

 and pigs. 



The digits are even in number, either 2 or 4 on all feet, and the 

 3rd and 4th digits are subequal. No third trochanter on the 

 femur. Dorsal and lumbar vertebrae together always 19. No 

 alisphenoid canal. Nasal bones not expanded behind. Preuiolar 

 and molar teeth usually dissimilar, the former with a single lobe, 

 the latter bilobed or triiobed. Last lower molar, with very few 

 exceptions, triiobed. Stomach almost always more or less complex. 

 Caecum small. Placenta diffused or cotyledon ary. Mammae in- 

 guinal or abdominal. 



A. No upper incisors. Euminant. 



a. Horns generally present in males, sometimes 



in females ; second and fifth digits incom- 

 plete, the metapodials rudimentary or absent. PECORA. 

 a'. Horns permanent, a corneous sheath on a 



bony core Bovidae. 



b'. Homs permanent, covered with hairy skin ; 



lateral digits wanting Giraffidae (Africa). 



c'. Horns branched, deciduous, but on un- 



branched bony cores Antilocapridae 



(America). 

 d'. Horns solid, deciduous, generally branched, 



no cores Cervidae. 



b. No horns ; second and fifth digits complete. . TRAGULINA. 



Tragulidae. 



