234 NORTH AMERICAN FAUNA [No. 55 



ZAPUS TRINOTATUS MONTANUS MERBIAM 

 MOUNTAIN JUMPING MOUSE; KANGABOO MOUSE 



Zapus trinotatus montanus Merriam, Biol. Soc. Wash. Proc. 11 : 104, 1897. 



Type. Collected at Crater Lake, Oreg., by Edward A. Preble, August 21, 1896. 



General characters. Slightly smaller and lighter colored than trinotatus; 

 skull slenderer and more delicate; back dusky, lightly grizzled with orange; 

 sides light orange, lined with black hairs ; lower parts creamy white ; feet gray ; 

 tail whitish below. 



Measurements. Average of eight topotypes : Total length, 228 mm ; tail, 135 ; 

 foot, 31; ear (dry), 12. 



Distribution and habitat. This is a mountain form inhabiting 

 mainly Canadian Zone for the whole length of the Cascade range in 

 Oregon. Specimens from McKenzie Bridge are clearly intermediate 

 between trinotatus and montanus, and intergradation between the 

 two may be expected all along the west base of the Cascades (fig. 52). 



General habits. These mountain jumping mice, as do other forms 

 of the group, live in meadows and marshes or near mountain brooks 

 and streams, feeding on grass seeds and such other seeds as are avail- 

 able, even the fiery seeds of western skunkcabbage, becoming very 

 fat in autumn and sleeping soundly during the long winter period of 

 cold and deep snows. Actual dates of entering and emerging from 

 hibernation are not available and it is not known if the period is longer 

 in the high mountains than in the lowlands. 



ZAPUS PRINCEPS OREGONUS PBEBLB 

 BLUE MOUNTAIN JUMPING MOUSE 



Zapus princeps oreffonus Preble, North Amer. Fauna No. 15, p. 24, 1899. 

 Zapus major Preble, North Amer. Fauna No. 15, p. 24, 1899, from Hart Mountain 

 (Warner Mountain), Oreg. 



Type. Collected at Elgin, Blue Mountains, Oreg., by Edward A. Preble, in 

 1896. 



General characters. Large, about the same as Zapus princeps of the Rocky 

 Mountains, but less sharply marked, with grayer head and obscurely margined 

 ears ; back and head dusky, lightly flecked with yellow ; sides and cheeks broadly 

 dark ochraceous or light orange yellow, lined with coarse black hairs; lower 

 parts white ; feet and lower surface of tail whitish. 



Measurements. Average typical adult : Total length, 132 mm ; tail, 138 ; foot, 

 33; ear (dry), 12. 



Distribution and habitat. The Blue Mountain jumping mice cover 

 practically all of the Transition and Canadian Zone areas of Oregon 

 east of the Cascades, including such scattered desert ranges as the 

 Yamsay, Hart, Steens, and Mahogany Mountains and the high coun- 

 try at the headwaters of the Owyhee River (fig. 52). Being lovers of 

 meadows and brooks, they are not found in the desert valleys, which 

 are also below their zone level, hence their range is more or less broken 

 and scattered. Zapus major from Hart Mountain (Warner Peak) 

 proves, on comparison with abundant material, to be typical oregonus^ 

 while those from the southeastern corner of the State are grayer and 

 may be grading toward nevadensis, but at present are better referred 

 to oregonus. 



General habits. In no way have the habits of these little animals 

 been found to differ from those of other subspecies. They are locally 



