ECTOCARPUS. 61 



This has the hahit of E. distortus, but is of a much more rigid, tenacious 

 substance, remaining nndecayed after long steeping in fresh water. The 

 endochrome quite fills the cells, leaving exceedingly narrow dissepiments. 



** Secondary branches and ramuli opposite. 



11. E. Utoralu t li.', tufts dense, interwoven, dirty brown ; 

 filaments much and irregularly branched, coarse ; ultimate 

 branchlets somewhat patent, frequently opposite ; masses of 

 fructification oblong or sub-globose, imbedded in the sub- 

 stance of the branches. Hook. Br. Fl. ii. p. 325 ; E. Bot. t. 

 2290; Wyatt, Alg. Damn. No. 129; Harv. Phyc. Brit. t. 

 cxcvii. 



In the sea, on the larger Algae, very common, at all seasons. Tufts 

 6 12 inches long, coarse, shaggy, entangled, brownish-olive or rust-co- 

 loured; the main stems somewhat massed together, the lesser divisions 

 free ; the ramuli multifid, very irregular in position. According to J. 

 Agardh, this is different from the true litoralis of Linnaeus. 



12. E. longifructus, Harv. ; tufts large, branching, the 

 divisions feathery ; filaments robust, excessively branched, 

 branches mostly opposite, the lesser ones set with short, spine- 

 like, opposite or rarely alternate ramuli ; articulations as long as 

 broad; silicules very long, linear lanceolate, attenuate, densely 

 striate transversely, terminating the principal branches and 

 ramuli. Harv. in Herb. T. C. D; Harv. Phyc. Brit. t. 

 cclviii. 



Skail, Orkney, Mrs. Moffatt. Habit of E. litoralis, and very nearly 

 related to that species, but the fruit is more luxuriant, and the branching 

 more regularly opposite. Tufts 6 inches long. 



13. E. granulosus, Sm. ; tufts greenish or yellowish; main 

 filaments slightly entangled ; lesser branches distinct and 

 feathery ; upper branches and ramuli opposite, spreading, 

 the apices often transparent ; spores solitary, elliptical, ses- 

 sile. Hook. Br. Fl. ii. p. 326 ; E. Bot. t. 2351 ; Wyatt, Alg. 

 Danm. No. 38 ; Harv. Phyc. Brit. t. cc. 



Between tide-marks, parasitical on the smaller Algae. Annual. Sum- 

 mer. Shores of England and Ireland, not uncommon. Tufts 4 8 

 inches long, greenish or yellowish ; main branches frequently, and lesser 

 ramuli almost constantly opposite, erecto-patent, the extrem'e ones occa- 

 sionally secund. Spores large, oblong-elliptical, dark brown, sessile on the 

 ramuli or near the tips of the branches. 



14. E. sphcerophorus, Carm. ; filaments slender, short, 

 tufted, much branched ; upper branches patent, opposite or 

 in fours, bearing patent opposite ramuli; spores globose, 

 sessile, either opposite to each other or to a branchlet. Hook. 



