130 HYPNEA. 



Substance very tender and fragile, succulent, cartilagineo-gelatiuous. 

 Colour a transparent, dull red, becoming brighter in fresh water. 



3. G. confervoides, L. ; frond cartilaginous, cylindrical, 

 filiform, irregularly (often very slightly) branched ; branches 

 long, sub-simple ; ramuli scattered, attenuated at each end ; 

 tubercles external, roundish, scattered. Grev. Alg. Brit. p. 

 123 ; Hook. Br. Fl. ii. p. 299 ; Wyatt, Alg. Danm. No. 

 75 ; Harv. Phyc. Brit. t. Ixv. Fucus confervoides, E. Bot. 

 t. 1668. &. procerrima ; branches very long, generally sim- 

 ple and almost naked, Turn. y. albida; frond compressed, 

 mostly dichotomous, ramuli subulate. Turn. geniculata ; 

 frond distorted and bent as if broken at the tubercles. 



Sea-shores, not unfrequent. Perennial. Fruiting in summer and au- 

 tumn. Fronds 320 inches long, cylindrical, as thick as small twine, 

 irregularly branched, generally forked or branched at base, the branches 

 either long and simple or dichotomously divided, either naked, or more or 

 less furnished with short ramuli ; all tapering upwards. Colour a pale or 

 deep red, becoming paler in decay. Substance rigid-cartilaginous, not ad- 

 hering to paper. Tubercles large, sessile, abundantly scattered over the 

 branches ; tetraspores minute, imbedded in the branches of distinct plants. 



4. G. erecta, Grev. ; frond cylindrical, erect, sparingly di- 

 chotomous ; branches sub-simple ; tubercles globose, clus- 

 tered round the apices; tetraspores in terminal, pod-like 

 ramuli. Grev. Alg. Brit. p. 124, t. 14; Hook. Br. Fl. ii. p. 

 300; Wyatt, Alg. Danm. No. 115. Spheerococcus erectus 

 Grev. Crypt, t. 357. 



In the sea, on sand-covered rocks ; very rare. Perennial. Fruiting in 

 winter. Torquay and Sidmouth, Mrs. Griffiths. Belfast Bay. Mr. W. 

 Thompson. Port Ballantrae, North of Ireland, Mr. D. Moore. Round- 

 stone, Mr. M'-Calla. Orkney, Rev. J. H. Pollexfen, &c. Fronds nume- 

 rous, rising from an expanded disk, erect, 1 or 2 inches high, simple or 

 once or twice forked, the branches erect, destitute of ramuli. Colour pale 

 or full red. Substance cartilaginous and rigid, not adhering to paper. 

 Tubercles spherical, clustered about the tips of the branches ; tetraspores 

 oblong, zoned, imbedded in lanceolate, pod-like, terminal receptacles. 



V. HYPNEA, Lamour. [Plate 16, D.] 



Frond filiform, cartilaginous, continuous, much branched, 

 cellular, with a dense, fibrocellular axis surrounded by seve- 

 ral rows of polygonal cells, the innermost of which are 

 largest, the outer gradually smaller to the circumference. 

 Fructification : 1, spherical tubercles (coccidia) sessile or im- 

 mersed in the ramuli, containing a mass of small spores ; 2, 

 transversely parted tetraspores imbedded in the surface-cells. 



