406 



ARACHNIDA, MYEIAPODA, AND INSECTA. 



In the Carboniferous period, the remains of Insects, 

 though still far from common, have been discovered in 

 greater abundance, as might have been anticipated from the 

 comparative extent of our knowledge of the land-plants of 

 this formation. The order Neuroptera is now represented by 

 a number of remarkable forms, of which one of the most 

 remarkable has been referred to the JEphemeridce, under the 

 name of Haplophlebium Barnesii (fig. 257). This insect must 

 have attained a size much larger than that of any recent 

 Ephemerids, measuring fully seven inches in expanse of 

 wing. 



Other Carboniferous Neuroptera have been described 

 under the generic titles of Dictyoneura, Miamia, Ephemer- 

 ites, Hemeristia, and Paolia. The order of the Orthoptera 

 makes its first appearance here, so far as known, and is 

 represented by various species of Blattina, allied to the 



Fig. Itt.Ha.'plophieUum, Barnesii (after Dawson). From the Carboniferous rocks 

 of Canada, o, Profile of base of wing. 



living Cockroaches (Blotto). One of the most remarkable 

 of these Carboniferous Cockroaches is the Arcliimulacris 

 Acadicus (fig. 258) of the Canadian Coal-measures, which 

 presents peculiarities unknown in any of its living allies. 

 The Lithomantis carbonarius of the English Coal-measures 

 appears to be an ancient representative of the Mantidce (H. 

 Woodward) ; and two Carboniferous species have been 



