I/O THE STUDY OF INSECTS. 



scientific name is coming into general use; it is a common 

 thing now to hear fruit-growers speak of the Lecaniums, 

 especially in California. The Lecaniums are naked scale 

 insects, the scale being the body of the insect. These 

 insects are flattish or more or less hemispherical, the differ- 

 ent species differing in form, and are usually dark brown in 



FIG. 210. Lecanium hesperidum. (From the Author's Report for 1880.) 



color. The eggs, or the young in the viviparous species, are 

 deposited beneath the scale-like body of the female. Figure 

 209 represents Lecanium olea (o'le-ae), which is very com. 

 mon in California, where it is known as the black scale; 

 Figure 210, the soft scale, Lecanium iicsperidum (hes-per'i- 

 dum), which is common on various plants in all parts of 



