LEPIDOPTEtA. 269 



leaf to turn brown. Later other leaves are added to this 

 nest or additional nests are made among adjoining leaves. 

 All of these infested leaves are securely fastened to the twig 

 by bands of silk. When the larvae become large they leave 

 their nests at night to feed upon other leaves. These they 

 entirely consume excepting the petioles, midribs, and larger 



FIG. 319. Eggs, larva, and nest of Ichthyura inclusa. 



veins. We have seen on poplar a nest composed of only 

 three leaves which contained one hundred and twenty-five 

 half-grown larvae ; all of the leaves, about thirty in number, 

 arising from the end of the branch bearing this nest had 

 been consumed. 



The full-grown larva measures one and one half inches 

 in length. It is striped with pale yellow and brownish 

 black, and bears a pair of black tubercles close together on 

 the first abdominal segment, and a similar pair on the eighth 

 abdominal segment. The cocoon is an irregular thin web ; 

 it is made under leaves or other rubbish on the ground. 

 The insect remains in the pupa state during the winter, and 

 emerges as a moth in the latter part of June or later. In 

 the South this species 

 infests willow as well 

 as poplar, and is 

 double-brooded. 



Among the most 

 grotesque of larvc-e be- 

 longing to this family are those of the genus Calodasys 



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