382 



THE STUDY OF INSECTS. 



Our genera of this family can be separated into three 

 groups, which seem hardly distinct enough to be ranked as 



FIG. 461. Pieris rapce, larvae and pupa. 



subfamilies. These are the Whites, the Yellows, and the 

 Orange-tips. 



I. The Whites. The more common representatives of 

 this group are the well-known Cabbage-butterflies. They 

 are white butterflies more or less marked with black. Occa- 

 sionally the white is tinged with yellow ; and sometimes yel- 

 low varieties of our white 

 species occur. About a 

 dozen North American 

 species of this group are 

 known. 



The Cabbage-butterfly, 

 Pieris rapes (Pi'e-ris ra'pse). 

 The wings of this butter 

 fly are dull white above, 

 occasionally tinged with 

 yellowish, especially in the 

 female ; below, the apex of the fore wings and the entire 



FIG. 462. Pieris rajxz. 



