4 1 8 THE STUDY OF INSECTS. 



The Soldier-flies, Family STRATIOMYIID.E. p. 455. 

 The Snipe-flies (in part), Family LEPTID.E. p. 456. 

 The True Brachycera. The antennae are usually three-jointed, 

 but sometimes four- or five-jointed; the third segment is not 

 ringed, but usually bears a style or bristle.* The body is 

 usually furnished with strong bristles. 



True Brachycera with the empodia pulvilliform. Flies in which 

 there are three membranous lobes beneath the tarsal claws 

 (Fig. 495).t 



The Snipe-flies (in part), Family LEPTID^E. p. 456. 

 The Small-headed Flies, Family ACROCERID^E. p. 458. 

 The Tangle- veined Flies, Family NEMISTRINIDJE, p. 459. 

 True Brachycera with the empodia not pulvilliform. Flies in 

 which there are only two membranous pads beneath the 

 tarsal claws (Fig. 494). 

 Vein III of the wings four-branched. 

 The Robber-flies, Family ASILID^E. p. 460. 

 The Midas-flies, Family MIDAID^E. p. 461. 

 The Apiocerids, Family APIOCERID.E. p. 462. 

 The Bee-flies, Family BOMBYLID^E. p. 463. 

 The Stiletto-flies, Family THEREVID^E. p. 464. 

 The Window-flies, Family SCENOPINID^E. p. 465. 

 The Dance-flies (in part), Family EMPIDID^E. p. 466. 

 Vein III of the wings three-branched. 

 The Dance-flies (in part), Family EMPIDID^E. p. 466. 

 The Long-legged Flies, Family DOLICHOPODID^E. p. 467. 

 The Spear-winged Flies, Family LONCHOPTERID^E. p. 469. 

 THE CIRCULAR-SEAMED FLIES. Flies in which the pupa escapes 

 from the larval skin through a circular orifice made by push- 

 ing off the head end of it (Fig. 486). Adults with a 

 frontal lunule. Suborder CYCLORRHAPHA (Cy-clor'rha- 

 pfaa). 



Cyclorrhapha without a frontal suture (ASCHIZA). 

 The Syrphus-flies, Family SYRPHID^E. p. 470. 

 The Big-eyed Flies, Family PIPUNCULID^E. p. 473. 

 The Flat-footed Flies, Family PLATYPEZID;E. p. 474. 

 The Humpbacked flies, Family PHORID^E. p. 475. 



* A similar type of antenna is possessed by the Cyclorrhapha, which 

 were formerly on this account included in the Brachycera ; but this term is 

 now restricted to the Short-horned Orthorrhapha. 



f The empodia are pulvilliform in the Anomalous Brachycera also ; but 

 that group is easily distinguished by the form of the antennae. 



