ARCHEOLOGY. (GREECE.) 



table, which, notwithstanding the gracefulness of 

 its design, exhibits in its violation of natural 

 characteristics unmistakable marks of decadence, 

 and a bas-relief which seetns to represent a rustic 

 ottering to Alma Venus, the nourisher. 



U-reece. According to the twentieth An- 

 nual Report of the American School of Classical 

 Studies at Athens, the results of the explorations 

 of 1901 in the Grotto of Pan, Apollo, and the 

 Nymphs, at Vari, in Southern Attica, greatly 

 surprised scholars with finds a few inches under 

 the soil, where it was supposed careful examina- 

 tions had been made. The finds include 7 re- 

 liefs, in 50 fragments, of which 6 were of the 

 typical order of Pan, Hermes, and the Nymphs, 

 with the Achelous head in one corner; 3 dozen 

 terra-cotta figurines, mostly broken, including 

 archaic busts, piping Pans, masks, a turtle, and 

 a frog; about 140 coins, of which those that 

 have been cleaned are of Roman or Christian 

 times; inscriptions on stones and vases; hun- 

 dreds of lamps, Greek, Roman, and Christian; 

 many vases, mostly " red figured," and many 

 prothesis amphorae and small lecythi and ary- 

 balli. The Argive excavations, on which $13,000 

 in all have been expended, have been put in 

 charge of a Greek guard. 



The operations of the American School of 

 Classical Studies in Corinth were pursued from 

 the beginning of March to June 14, this being, 

 according to the account of Director Rufus B. 

 Richardson, the longest season of work yet car- 

 ried on. The work of the previous year, while 

 it had revealed nothing of great importance, had 

 brought to light a considerable number of Latin 

 and Greek inscriptions of the Roman city, two 

 statue bases inscribed with the name of Lysippus, 

 and a number of proto-Corinthian bases, mostly 

 in fragments, and a line of vaulted chambers on 

 the south side of the temple hill, with remains 

 of a stylobate of a porch thrown out in front of 

 them. The temple foundations were cleared of 

 all the earth covering them ; and in the last three 

 days of work the stumps of two Doric columns, 

 resting on a stylobate, were found. These were 

 made the point of beginning for the work of 

 1902. They proved to belong to the front line of 

 a Greek portico, or stoa, running east and west 

 behind some vaulted rooms whch had been exca- 

 vated in 1901. It was older than the chambers, 

 having belonged to the Greek city, while they 

 belonged to the Roman city. The portico was 

 more than 100 meters long, and wide enough to 

 give room for an interior line of Ionic columns. 

 At its back the rock of the temple hill was cut 

 away to make room for it. Mr. Richardson 

 \hinks that it may have been already destroyed 

 when the Roman vaulted chambers were built 

 in front of it, for the interval between the front 

 of the stoa and the back line of the chambers 

 was very narrow. Stumps of the Doric columns 

 remain, with one occasionally lacking, all along 

 the line, and enough of their capitals and entab- 

 lature to allow of a restoration of the whole on 

 paper. Of the Ionic columns the chief remains 

 were the bases and capitals. A trench was 

 made back of the portico as far as it was cleared, 

 following the slope of the bed-rock up to the 

 temple. The chambers were also cleared, nnd 

 found to be 18 in number; and another Greek 

 stoa, larger than the former one, was found, but 

 much more broken up. Much higher up the hill, 

 back of the Greek stoa, was the stylobate of a 

 late Roman or Byzantine stoa. " Porch above 

 porch," says Mr. Richardson in his account of the 

 excavations published in the New York Evening 

 Post, " must have given this side of the temple 



hill a fine aspect from Pirene and the Lechaeum. 

 road. The whole area between this upper stoa 

 and the back of the vaulted chambers was filled 

 up to make a broad area lor circulation of the 

 populace." Among the single finds in this part 

 of the exploration were old Corinthian and 

 proto-Corinthian pottery in abundance, with 

 whole vases in proto-Corinthian style; terra- 

 cotta figurines, some of them extremely archaic,, 

 though finely wrought; additional parts of co- 

 lossal figures that had been found two years be- 

 fore; a fine head of an Amazon from a high re- 

 lief in Pentelic marble; a woman's gold ring with 

 a stone containing a legend in raised letters; an. 

 archaic gem with a horse engraved upon it : 

 eral ancient Greek inscriptions, one of them at 

 least as old as the sixth century B. c., and in 

 the local Greek alphabet; 200 terra-cotta lamps 

 with representations and inscriptions on them, 

 of dates ranging from the sixth century B. c. to- 

 the fifth century A. D., and numerous other arti- 

 cles. In the explorations of the ancient city,, 

 following indications furnished by Pausanias,. 

 the excavaters found the theater in the first 

 year (1896), Pirene in the second, the agora and 

 the fountain of Glauke, and identified the temple 

 of Apollo in the third year; and they were now 

 having to do with structures which he knew 

 riotliing of, but which " were already under- 

 ground at the time of his visit." A trench made 

 during the past season in the theater opened 

 up a confusing number of walls, which are be- 

 lieved to have belonged to two stage buildings, the 

 Greek and the Roman. A great number of mar- 

 ble fragments, mostly architectural, were found 

 in the trench, pieces seeming to belong to a large 

 medallion containing a head of Medusa in high 

 relief, and a marble head of a youth, " which is 

 not only the best head found at Corinth, but is- 

 a real prize, and would be an ornament to any 

 museum." 



Part I of Investigations at Assos by the Arche- 

 ological Institute of America, published by a com- 

 mittee of the institute and edited by Francis- 

 H. Bacon, contains the introduction maps, his- 

 tory of Assos, account of the expedition plans,, 

 photographs, and drawings of the agora, stoa,. 

 and Boulenterion, with inscriptions and bases 

 from the agora. The second and third parts are 

 to appear together, and the fourth and fifth parts^ 

 will complete the work. 



The excavations begun in 1879 by Dorpfeld and 

 Milchofer on the site of the great temple of 

 Athene at Tegea in Arcadia are now being con- 

 tinued by the French school at Athens under 

 the direction of Dr. Mendel, and with consider- 

 able results. Fragments have come to light of 

 the sculptured boar hunt described by Pausanias 

 in his itinerary, who names Scopas, of Paros. as 

 the artist. The torso of a woman with a short 

 chiton is assumed by Dr. Mendel to have be- 

 longed to the Atalanta; a head very much dam- 

 aged is a remnant of the Hercules, and a part of 

 one of the hounds has been discovered. A beau- 

 tiful head, excellently preserved, is attributed to 

 the statue of Hygeia, which according to Pau- 

 sanias was next to that of Athene. A few small 

 bronzes similar to those found in the German ex- 

 cavations in Olympia and the American in the 

 Herjpum of Argos have also been unearthed. 



The Annual Report of the Society for the Pro- 

 motion of Hellenic Studies mentions the contin- 

 ued excavations of Mr. Arthur Evans on the site 

 of Knossos in Crete; interesting discoveries- 

 made by Mr. Hogarth at Kato Bakro; the under- 

 taking by the British school at Athens of the 

 exploration of a promising Mycaenian site at Pa- 



