iv PREFACE. 



treaties, all of which are duly recorded. The troublesome question of the Alaska 

 boundary is on the way to a peaceful and satisfactory solution, as may be seen by a 

 glance at the article " Alaska." The great cables that underlie the oceans and con- 

 nect continent with continent, and with the isles of the sea, serve still further to 

 prevent international misunderstandings and bring about speedy agreements. This 

 volume contains an article on the projected American cable across the Pacific, and 

 one on the completion of British cable connection all round the world, illustrated 

 with a map. Still another agency of peace and good-fellowship is the international 

 exposition. We present an account of that which closed recently in Charleston, 

 beautifully illustrated, and a forecast of the Louisiana-Purchase Exposition. 



The Carnegie Institution, just founded, which is the largest single transaction for 

 advancement of education this year, is described ; and the reader who wishes to trace 

 the whole story of education in our country can do so by turning to the article 

 " Libraries " and the various articles on the States. 



Narratives of the great misfortunes of the year may be read under " Earthquakes 

 and Volcanic Eruptions " and " Strike of the Coal-Miners." 



The Canadian articles have been carefully prepared by an eminent Canadian 

 author, and one of them, " Manitoba," includes the strange story of the Doukhobors. 



The list of eminent persons, in various professions, who passed away in the year, 

 and whose careers are recorded in the pages devoted to " Obituaries," is large. In 

 our country it includes the actors Neil Bryant, Annie Clarke, Harry Eytinge, Ada 

 Gray, Daniel H. Harkins, Edwin Knowles, Sol Smith Russellj William Henry West, 

 and Eliza Young, with the musicians Camilla Urso and George William Warren ; the 

 artists Albert Bierstadt, Thomas Nast, and Lily Martin Spencer ; the authors Charles 

 Kendall Adams, Elbridge S. Brooks, Junius Henri Browne, William Allen Butler, 

 Mary Hartwell Catherwood, Edward Eggleston, Thomas Dunn English, Paul Leices- 

 ter Ford, Alfred Hudson Guernsey, Bret Harte, Frank Norris, Thomas E. Osmun, 

 and Francis Richard Stockton ; the clergymen Michael Augustine Corrigan and 

 Eugene Augustus Hoifman ; the educators John Henry Barrows, Thomas Gallaudet, 

 Alice Freeman Palmer, and Henry A. P. Torrey ; the journalists Edwin Lawrence 

 Godkin and George Hughes Hep worth; the jurists Noah Davis, David Ay res Depue, 

 Horace Gray, and George Hoadly ; the naval officers James Edward Jouett, Lewis 

 A. Kimberly, William Thomas Sampson, and Thomas Oliver Selfridge ; the physi- 

 cians William Tod Helmuth and James Patterson Kimball ; the scientists Alpheus 

 Hyatt, Henry Morton, John Wesley Powell, and Ogden Nicholas Rood ; the soldiers 

 Wade Hampton, Francis J. Herron, Franz Sigel, and David Sloane Stanley ; and 

 the statesman Thomas Brackett Reed. The death losses of foreign countries included 

 the artists Benjamin Constant, Thomas Sidney Cooper, Jules Dalou, and James Tissot; 

 the authors Philip James Bailey, Aubrey De Vere, Alice Durand, Samuel Rawson 

 Gardiner, Annie Hector, and Emile Zola; the clergymen Newman Hall, Joseph 

 Parker, and Archbishop Temple ; the scientists Frederick A. Abel, Alfred Cornu, 

 Pierre Filhol, John Hall Gladstone, and Rudolph Yirchow ; the soldiers Christian 

 Botha, Mariano Escobedo, and Lucas Meyer; the statesmen Marquis of Dufferin, 

 Earl of Kimberley, Liu-Kun-Yi, Prince Minister, Lord Pauncefote, and Koloman 

 Tisza ; Emil Holub, the explorer ; Fred Krupp, the industrialist ; George Rawlinson, 

 the Orientalist ; and Cecil Rhodes, the politician and promoter. 



The volume is illustrated somewhat more fully than usual, and it closes with a 

 topical index. 



NEW YORK, February 18, 1903. 



