GERMANY. 



281 



in 1895. The population in 1900 included 14,509 

 foreigners, of whom 3,595 were Austrians, 2,099 

 Swedes and Norwegians, 2,424 Danes, 1,520 Brit- 

 ish, 3,240 from other countries of Europe, 1,631 

 from other parts of the world, and 288 unknown. 

 There were 6,442 marriages, 22,980 births, and 

 13,989 deaths in 1900; excess of births, 8,991. 



The Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine has an area of 

 14,513 square miles. The population in 1900 was 

 1,719,470, compared with 1,640,986 in 1899. It 

 consisted of 880,437 males and 839,033 females. 

 The number of marriages in 1900 was 13.034; of 

 births, 53,338; of deaths, 38,184; excess of births, 

 15,154. The number of emigrants over the ocean 

 was 255 in 1900, compared with 171 in 1899. 



The increase of population for the whole em- 

 pire between 1895 and 1900 was 4,087,277. The 

 total number of marriages in 1899 was 471,519; 

 of births, 2,045,286; of deaths, 1,250,179; excess 

 of births, 795,107. The total emigration in 1900 

 was 22,309, of whom 1,388 were bound for Eng- 

 land, 19,703 for the United States, 364 for Brazil, 

 474 for other American countries, 183 for Africa, 

 1 for Asia, and 196 for Australia. Of the German 

 emigrants who embarked at German, Belgian, 

 and Dutch ports, 11,114 were males and 9,257 

 females. There were 2,440 families, comprising 

 8,387 individuals. The total number of emi- 

 grants who embarked at German ports during 

 1900 was 176,819, of whom 16,690 were Germans 

 and 160,129 were of other nationalities. The 

 number of Protestants in the empire in 1900 was 

 35,231,104, having increased from 31,026,810 in 

 1890, or 13.6 per cent.; the number of Roman 

 Catholics increased in the decade from 17,674,- 

 921 to 20,327,913, or 15 per cent.; the Jews in- 

 creased from 567,884 to 586,948, only 3.4 per cent. 

 The number of Protestants per 1,000 is 625; of 

 Catholics, 361; of Jews, 10; of members of other 

 creeds or unreported, 4. 



Finances. The ordinary revenue for the year 

 ending March 31, 1902, was estimated at 2,105,- 

 326,000 marks, and extraordinary revenue at 206,- 

 654,000 marks; total revenue, 2,311,923,000 

 marks. The ordinary expenditure was esti- 

 mated in the budget at 1,914,923,000 marks, and 

 extraordinary expenditure at 429,663,000 marks; 

 total, 2,344,586,000 marks. Of the ordinary reve- 

 nue customs and excise receipts were estimated 

 at 810,331,000 marks and stamp-duties at 114,- 

 020,000 marks, together 924,351,000 marks; re- 

 ceipts of the post-office and telegraphs were 

 estimated at 420,163,000 marks; from the print- 

 ing-office, 7,777,000 marks; from railroads, 93,676,- 

 OQp marks; from the Bank of the Empire, 14,714,- 

 000 marks; receipts of various departments, 

 26,465,000 marks; interest of the invalid fund, 30,- 

 449,000 marks; various receipts, 390,000 marks; 

 matricular contributions of the states, 570,933,000 

 marks; other contributions, 16,408;000 marks. Of 

 the matricular contributions, Prussia was required 

 to pay 349,735,000 marks; Bavaria, 61,935,000 

 marks; Saxony, 42.672,000 marks: Wiirtemberg, 

 21,851,000 marks; Baden, 18,944.000 marks; Hesse, 

 11.368,000 marks; Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 6,146,- 

 000 marks; Saxe-Weimar, 3,671,000 marks; 

 Mecklenburg-Strelitz, 1,037.000 marks; Olden- 

 burg, 4,041,000 marks; Brunswick, 4,708,000 

 marks; Saxe-Meiningen, 2,543,000 marks; Saxe- 

 Altenburg, 1,971,000 marks; Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, 

 2,327,000 marks; Anhalt, 3,206.000 marks; 

 Schwarzburg - Sondershausen, 816,000 marks ; 

 Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, 938,000 marks; Wai- 

 deck. 585.000 marks; Reuss of the senior line, 

 690,000 marks; Reuss of the junior line, 1,408,000 

 marks; Schaumburg-Lippe, 437,000 marks; Lippe, 

 1,409,000 marks; Liibeck, 986,000 marks; Bremen, 



2,287,000 marks; Hamburg, 7,815,000 marks; 

 Alsace-Lorraine, 17,407,000 marks. The matricu- 

 lar contributions are assessed on the states in 

 proportion to their population; the rate per 

 capita is fixed in each annual budget^ Of the 

 ordinary, or recurring, expenditure, 756.000 marks 

 were for the Reichstag, 233,000 marks for the 

 Imperial Chancellery, 13,311,000 marks for the 

 Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 54,575,000 marks for 

 the Ministry of the Interior, 559,628,000 mark* 

 for the army, 79,896,000 marks for the navy, 

 2,133,000 marks for the Ministry of Justice, 578,- 

 196,000 marks for the imperial treasury, 394,000- 

 ^marks for railroads, 88,543,000 marks for the 

 'debt of the empire, 915,000 marks for the audit- 

 ing office, 70,995,000 marks for the pension fund, 

 30,450,000 marks for the invalid fund. 364,269,000- 

 marks for posts and telegraphs, 5.614,000 marks 

 for the printing-office, and 65,015,000 marks- 

 for railroads. The surplus of the customs, to- 

 bacco, stamp, and spirit duties returned to the 

 states was 570,933,000 marks. The total expendi- 

 ture on the army, ordinary and extraordinary,, 

 amounted to 673,656,000 marks; on the navy, 

 207,484,000 marks. For the year ending March 

 31, 1903, the matricular contributions were in- 

 creased 24,000,000 marks and a loan of 35,000,000- 

 marks was proposed to balance the estimated 

 total expenditure, recurring and non-recurring, of 

 2,349,742,456 marks. 



The funded debt of the empire on March 3I r 

 1900, amounted to 2,298,500,000 marks, of which 

 1,240,000,000 marks consisted of 3i-per-cent. 

 loans, and 1,058,500,000 marks were later loans 

 paying 3 per cent, which had increased 1 16,253.000 

 marks since March 31, 1898. There were 120,- 

 000,000 marks of treasury bills outstanding and 

 120,000,000 marks of paper money. The invalid 

 fund on March 31, 1899, amounted to 390,967 .054 

 marks, and the Government held a war fund of 

 120,000,000 marks, hoarded in gold. 



The amount of gold coin minted since the be- 

 ginning of the empire was 3,701,171,400 marks, 

 of which 39,198,800 marks had been withdrawn 

 before the end of 1900, leaving 3,661,972,600 

 marks in circulation. The amount of silver 

 coined up to the close of 1902 was 565,176.900 

 marks, of which 28,747,100 marks had been with- 

 drawn, leaving 536,429,800 marks in circulation. 

 The amount of nickel coins issued and not re- 

 called was 68.549,700 marks, and that of copper 

 coins was 15,403.600 marks, making a total coin- 

 age of 4,282,355,700 marks outstanding. The 

 amount of bank-notes in circulation was 1.313,- 

 855,000 marks, protected by 899,630,000 marks of 

 coin and bullion. 



The budgets and debts of the individual state* 

 for 1902, or in some cases for 1901, are given in 

 marks in the table on page 282. 



The budgets include the contributions of the 

 states to the common expenditure of the empire. 

 In Alsace-Lorraine there was also an extraordi- 

 nary revenue of 4,452.464 marks, and an expendi- 

 ture of 4,969,350 marks. More than half the 

 revenue comes from customs and excise, and there 

 is a large expenditure for education. The ex- 

 penditure of Anhalt for the empire was 28,530,- 

 300 marks. The state property was valued at 

 9.211,839 francs. The whole debt of Baden was 

 incurred for railroads, and three-quarters of the 

 Bavarian debt. The debt of Bremen was incurred 

 for railroads and harbor works. The budget of 

 Brunswick does not include the civil list of the 

 duke, which is 1,125,000 marks, nor the fund for 

 schools, arts, and sciences, out of which there was 

 an expenditure of 2.670,000 marks. The state- 

 ment of the debt, which was raised for railroads, 



