282 



GERMANY. 



does not include an annual payment of 1,219,740 

 marks on a premium loan which will be extin- 



fuished in 1924. The property of the state in 

 omains and forests and in funds is valued at 

 40,900,000 marks, not including an annuity of 

 2,625,000 marks to be paid till 1932 for the rail- 

 roads, which were turned over to the German 

 Government. The debt of Hamburg, contracted 

 for public works, required the payment of 15,805,- 

 600 marks in 1901, and for education 10,361,944 

 marks were spent. To meet these heavy charges 

 an income tax is levied that amounts to 30 marks 

 per capita. 



The debt of Hesse, contracted for railroads 

 which return a profit, is no burden, and taxation 

 is light in this grand duchy, which possesses val- 

 uable domains." In Liibeck half the revenue is 

 derived from direct taxation, and the rest mainly 

 from interest, domains, and railroads. In Meck- 

 lenburg-Schwerin, apart from the budget of com- 

 mon expenses of the Grand Duke and the states, 

 the Grand Duke has a separate income of 22,625,- 

 000 marks, which is largely devoted to public 

 purposes. The state railroads and interest on in- 

 vested funds more than defray the debt charge. 

 The accounts of Mecklenburg-Strelitz are not pub- 

 lished. The estimates of the Prussian revenue 

 for the year ending March 31, 1902, were 99,135,- 

 424 marks from domains, 213,166,300 marks 

 from direct taxes, 87,604,000 marks from indirect 

 taxes, 88,262,500 marks from the lottery, 1,743,- 

 900 marks from the Marine Bank, 554,500 marks 

 from the mint, 192,316,080 marks from mines, 

 furnaces, and salt-works, 1,442,025,359 marks 

 from railroads, 391,039,565 marks from the finance 

 administration, and 134,166,978 marks from the 

 state administration. The expenditures were es- 

 timated at 46,653,470 marks for agriculture, do- 

 mains, and forests, 131,609,300 marks for finance, 

 158,522,050 marks for the administration of 

 mines, furnaces, and salt-works, 875,678.380 

 marks for the administration of railroads, 8,000,- 

 000 marks for addition to the Crown dotation, 

 232,045,947 marks for interest on the public debt, 

 including railroad debt, 39.610,814 marks for the 

 sinking-fund of the debt, 1,423.230 marks for an- 

 nuities, etc., 213.915 marks for the Herrenhaus, 

 1,675,515 marks for the Chamber of Deputies, 

 348,368,038 marks for matricular contribution to 

 imperial expenditure, 68.822,136 marks for ap- 

 panages, indemnities, and annuities. 10.441.403 

 marks for the Ministry of State, 553,800 marks 



for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 104,794,968 

 marks for the Ministry of Finance, 31,852,958 

 marks for the Ministry of Public Works, 13,334,- 

 541 marks for the Ministry of Commerce and In- 

 dustry, 115,060,358 marks for the Ministry of 

 Justice, 72,060,358 marks for the Ministry of the 

 Interior, 24,220,282 marks for the Ministry of 

 Agriculture, Domains, and Forests, 145,152,437 

 marks for the Ministry of Public Worship and 

 Instruction, 139,058 marks for the Ministry of 

 War, and 217,531,804 marks for extraordinary 

 expenditure. The public debt of Prussia consists 

 of 5,500,430,900 marks of consolidated debt paying 

 3 per cent, interest, 977,397,400 marks paying 3 

 per cent., 119,845,259 marks of railroad debt, and 

 5,128,907 marks of debts assumed on the annexa- 

 tion of provinces. Saxe-Altenburg had in 1901 

 funds amounting to 5,002,686 marks, and two- 

 thirds of its revenue was derived from domains. 

 Saxe-Coburg and Gotha have separate legislative 

 chambers and separate budgets. The domain 

 revenue of Coburg in 1902 was 444,875 marks, 

 and expenditure 260,885 marks; the state reve- 

 nue of Coburg was 1,094,100 marks, and expendi- 

 ture the same; the domain revenue of Gotha was 

 1,933,900 marks, and expenditure 1,179,100 

 marks; the state revenue and expenditure of 

 Gotha was 2,329,980 marks; the common revenue 

 of the two duchies was 3,097,420 marks, and ex- 

 penditure 3,757,620 marks. The debt of Coburg 

 was 2,569,000 marks; that of Gotha was 2,146,558 

 marks. A third of the revenue of Saxe-Meiningen 

 is derived from domains, and most of the debt has 

 been incurred for profitable public works. Do- 

 mains and investments exceed the debt of Saxe- 

 Weimar. The revenue and expenditure of Saxony 

 as stated does not include an extraordinary reve- 

 nue of 112,783,186 marks, which was expended on 

 public works. The whole debt of this kingdom 

 was incurred for railroads, telegraphs, and other 

 public works, the Government having invested 

 967,206,084 marks in railroads alone. From the 

 railroads and from domains and forests is derived 

 more than half of the state revenue. In Wiir- 

 temberg a third of the revenue is derived from 

 forests, farms, mines, furnaces, and salt-works, 

 and the railroads, posts, and telegraphs. The 

 debt was incurred mainly from railroads, the net 

 income from which amounts to 92 per cent, of the 

 interest of the whole* debt. 



The sum of annual revenues of all the German 

 states is estimated at 4,292,000,000 marks, includ- 

 ing 138,000,000 marks of extraordinary revenue. 

 Their combined expenditure is estimated at 4,316,- 

 000,000 marks, including 165,000,000 marks of 

 extraordinary expenditure. The empire and the 

 federated states together raise an annual revenue 

 of 6,762,000,000 marks, including 344.000.000 

 marks from extraordinary sources, and their 

 combined expenditure amounts to 6,786,000.000 

 marks, including 381.000.000 marks for extraordi- 

 nary purposes. The indebtedness of the federated 

 states amounts to 10,987,000,000 marks. Includ- 

 ing the debt of the empire, the German public 

 debts amount to 13.383,000,000 marks, of which 

 13,119.000.000 marks are consolidated debt. The 

 total debt is 237 marks per capita, and the an- 

 nual cost for interest, amortization, and admin- 

 istration is 9.57 marks per capita. 



The Army. The peace strength of the Ger- 

 man army in 1901 was as follows: 216 regiments 

 of infantry, numbering 12.073 officers and 367,478 

 men; 18 battalions of rifles, numbering 388 offi- 

 cers and 11,182 men; 5 machine-gun divisions. 

 numbering 15 officers and 335 men. with 215 

 horses; 293 district commands, numbering 917 

 officers and 5,782 men; 2,565 surgeons and pay- 



