GREECE. 



327 



M 



568. The public debt in 1900 was 754,780. 

 There were only 79,954 acres cultivated in 1900, 

 of which (56,954 acres were planted to sugar-cane. 

 The gold-mines, first opened in 1886, yielded in 

 ten years the value of 2,796,300. In 1897 there 

 were 126,702 ounces taken out, 125,080 ounces in 

 1898, 112,464 ounces in 1899, 112,823 ounces in 

 1900, and 108,522 ounces in 1901, in which year 

 906 carats of diamonds were exported, value 

 12.876. The total value of imports was 1,393,- 

 529, and of exports 2,068,406. The importation 

 of flour was 123,180 in value, 179,745 barrels in 

 uantity; cloth, 218,242; rice, 79,512; tobac- 

 17,278; machinery, 77,368; fertilizers, 

 100,927; fish, 59,728; coal, 36,061; hard- 

 are, 48,766. The exportation of sugar was 

 1,153,808; molasses, 12,371; rum, 300,583; 

 lata, 19,585; timber, 22,928; charcoal, 

 7,336; gold, 393,926; rough diamonds, 2,683. 

 he tonnage entered and cleared in 1901 was 709,- 

 The registered shipping of the colony con- 

 sisted of 33 sailing vessels, of 1,622 tons,. and 15 

 steamers, of 1,171 tons. There are 74 miles of 

 ailroads, 559 miles of telegraph-lines and cable, 

 nd 677 miles of telephone-wire. The gold-mining 

 .dustry is languishing, though alluvial gold is 

 ow mined at half the cost that the sanguine 

 iperators expended ten years ago. Hydraulic 

 ining at Omai, on the Essequibo, may give a 

 esh impetus to this industry, which speculative 

 pitalists have abandoned for diamond-mining, 

 mericans are working the diamond deposits 

 nd German and Dutch companies the gold- 

 ines. 



British Honduras is a settlement in Central 

 merica governed as a Crown colony, having 

 n area of 7,562 square miles and a population 

 stimated at 36,998, divided into 18,889 males 

 d 18,109 females. The number of births in 

 900 was 1,478; deaths, 890; marriages, 339. 

 he Governor is Sir David Wilson. The revenue 

 1900 was 59,700; expenditure, 50,800; im- 

 orts, 246,950; exports, 267,900. The debt in 

 900 was 34,736. The export of logwood was 

 ,994,378 feet in 1900. Some sugar is exported 

 d fruit to New Orleans, and in transit from 

 ucatan rubber, coffee, and sarsaparilla. The 

 onnage entered and cleared in 1900 was 340,- 

 7. The shipping registered in the colony com- 

 prised 203 sailing-vessels, of 4,480 tons, and 6 

 steamers, of 1,326 tons. The more important 

 British possessions are elsewhere described (see 

 AUSTRALIA, CANADA, EAST AFRICA, INDIA, 

 NEWFOUNDLAND, NEW ZEALAND, SOUTH AFRI- 

 CA, X \VEST AFRICA, WEST INDIES). 



GREECE, a monarchy in southeastern Europe, 

 he legislative authority is exercised in a single 

 hamber called the Boule, composed of 235 mem- 

 TS, 1 to 12,000 inhabitants, elected for four 

 ears by direct universal male suffrage. The 

 reigning King is Georgios 1, son of Prince Chris- 

 tian of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Gliicks- 

 burg, now King of Denmark, born Dec. 24, 1845, 

 elected King of the Hellenes by the National As- 

 sembly on March 30, 1863, married on Oct. 27, 

 1867, to Olga, daughter of the Grand-Duke Con- 

 stantine of Russia. The heir apparent is Prince 

 Konstantinos, Duke of Sparta, born Aug. 2, 1868, 

 married on Oct. 27, 1889, to Princess Sophia, 

 daughter of the late German Emperor Friedrich I. 

 The Cabinet constituted on Nov. 25, 1901, was 

 composed as follows: President of the Council 

 and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Alexander T. 

 Zaimis; Minister of the Interior, N. Triantaphyl- 

 lakas; Minister of Worship and Education, A. 

 Mempherratos ; Minister of War and Minister of 

 arine, ad interim, Col. G. Korpas; Minister of 



Finance, P. Negris; Minister of Justice, C. To- 

 palis. 



Area and Population. The area oi Greece is 

 25,014 square miles. The population in 1896 was 

 2,433,806, divided into 1,266,816 males and 1,166,- 

 990 females. Athens, the capital, had 111,486 in- 

 habitants. The chief political divisions are nom- 

 archies, the number of which was increased by 

 the law of July 17, 1899, from 16 to 26: Attica, 

 Boaotia, Phthiotis, Phocis, ^Etolia and Acarnania, 

 Eurytania, Larisa, Magnesia, Trikkala, Karditsa, 

 Arta, Achaia, Elis, Triphylia, Messenia, Lacedae- 

 mon, Laconia, Arcadia, Argolis, Corinthia, Eu- 

 bcea, Cyclades, Corfu, Leucas, Cephalonia, 

 Zanthe.. 



Finances. The revenue in 1900 was 112,206,- 

 849 drachmas, and expenditure 114,088,468 

 drachmas. For 1901 the revenue was estimated 

 at 115,734,159 drachmas, of which direct taxes 

 produce 23,683,300 drachmas, customs and excise 

 41,295,728 drachmas, stamps and dues 17,305,100 

 drachmas, monopolies 13,840,250 drachmas, reve- 

 nue from state property 5,935,250 drachmas, sales 

 of state property 1,231,300 drachmas, deductions, 

 etc., 2,220,272 drachmas, various sources 5,020,000 

 drachmas, lighthouses 880,000 drachmas, other 

 revenue 258,950 drachmas. The expenditures for 

 1901' were estimated at 113,646,302 drachmas, of 

 which the public debt consumed 32,344,624 drach- 

 mas, pensions 6,560,343 drachmas, allowances 

 103,800 drachmas, various obligations 185,000 

 drachmas, the civil list 1,325,000 drachmas, the 

 Boule 584,620 drachmas, the Ministry of Foreign 

 Affairs 2,846,018 drachmas, the Ministry of Jus- 

 tice 6,243,573 drachmas, the Ministry of the In- 

 terior 15,140,567 drachmas, the Ministry of Wor- 

 ship and Education 5,392,457 drachmas, the Min- 

 istry of War 17,393,015 drachmas, the Ministry 

 of Marine 7,129,948 drachmas, the Ministry of 

 Finance 2,048,472 drachmas, collection of taxes 

 9,438,236 drachmas, various expenses 6,910,628 

 drachmas. 



The national debt on Jan. 1, 1901, amounted to 

 697,554,000 drachmas in gold, 79,649,005 drachmas 

 of paper obligations, and 91.775,975 drachmas of 

 forced paper currency. A financial commission 

 composed of delegates of Germany, Austria-Hun- 

 gary, France, Great Britain, Italy, and Russia 

 was established by the law of control enacted in 

 1898, and to this commission the revenues from 

 monopolies, tobacco, stamps, and customs duties 

 collected at the Piraeus were assigned for the 

 payment of interest on the foreign debt. The 

 rate of interest was altered and provision was 

 made for the extinction of the debt. A loan of 

 226,000,000 drachmas to pay the war indemnity 

 to Turkey, redeem the floating debt in paper, and 

 cover deficits was guaranteed by these powers, 

 through whose diplomatic intervention peace had 

 been arranged with Turkey. The service of the 

 various debts in 1901 required 33,553,768 drach- 

 mas. The revenue from customs in 1900 was 30,- 

 650,776 drachmas. Of the assigned revenues the 

 receipts from the Piraeus customs were 17,468.135 

 drachmas in paper; from Naxos emery, 673.997 

 drachmas in gold ; from the salt monopoly, 2,807,- 

 473 drachmas; from petroleum, 6,368,490 drach- 

 mas; from matches, 1,329.247 drachmas; from 

 playing-cards, 311,755 drachmas; from cigarette 

 paper, 2,620,529 drachmas; from tobacco, 8,436,- 

 719 drachmas; from stamps, 10,232,940 drach- 

 mas; total, 49,575,288 drachmas in paper and 

 673,997 drachmas in gold. The international com- 

 mission in the year ending Jan. 13, 1902, took in 

 1,131,705 drachmas in gold and 58,041,476 drach- 

 mas in paper and paid out 950,004 drachmas in 

 gold and 48,893,563 drachmas in paper. The pay- 



