496 



OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. (EscouEoo FILHOL.) 



Angele (1883); L'Ingenue (1883); Louis Breuil 

 (1883); Un Crime (1884); Les Ornies (1884); 

 Idylles (1885); Clairefontaine (1885); Le Mora 

 aux Dents (1885); Cleopatre (1886); Le Cointe 

 Xavier (1886) ; La Fille de Dosia (1887) ; Nicanor 

 (1887); Frank (1887); Comedies de Para vent 

 (1888); Le Seconde Mere (1888); L'Avenir 

 d'Aline (1889) ; Chant de Noces (1889) ; Le Passe 

 (1890); Un Mystere (1890); Aurette (1891); 

 Peril (1891); and L'Heritiere (1891). 



Escobedo, Mariano, Mexican soldier, born in 

 1827; died in Tacubaya, May 22, 1902. He was 

 originally a muleteer. In the war with the Uni- 

 ted States he was an active guerrilla chief who 

 attacked small detachments of the American 

 army and fought with his band in the battles 

 of Palo Alto and Resaca. In the war against 

 the Clericals and French he raised a body which 

 fought the troops of Gen. Miramon, was com- 

 missioned colonel in 1859, and advanced to briga- 

 dier-general in 1861, when the Government of 

 Gen. Juarez was established, and pursued the 

 remnant of the Clerical forces under Gen. Mar- 

 quez and Gen. Meiia, but was captured by the 

 enemy, and escaped with difficulty when ordered 

 to be shot. He took part in most of the engage- 

 ments with the invading French forces, fled to 

 'Texas when the empire was established, organ- 

 ized and equipped an expedition among the refu- 

 gee republicans with which he entered Mexico 

 in 1865 and swept all before him, was appointed 

 by President Juarez commander-in-chief of the 

 Army of the North, continued his victories until 

 all the principal cities were in the hands of the 

 Republicans, and finally received the surrender of 

 the Emperor Maximilian at Queretaro on May 

 15, 1867. He quelled an uprising against the 

 Government of Juarez in 1874, and when a revolu- 

 tion was started by Gen. Diaz he was appointed 

 Secretary of War to organize resistance, in which 

 he was "unsuccessful. Taking refuge in Texas, 

 he issued a manifesto calling for volunteers to 

 overthrow the Government of President Diaz. 

 He was arrested and tried when he returned to 

 Mexico later, and though acquitted, he was held 

 in confinement until he obtained his liberty in 

 1879 by pleading ill health and went to New 

 York. Returning to Mexico later, he was ap- 

 pointed to a Government office, which he re- 

 signed in 1883. 



Eyre, Charles, Roman Catholic prelate, in 

 'Scotland, born in Arkan, Bryan Hill, York, in 

 1817; died in Glasgow, March 28, 1902. He stud- 

 ied for the Roman Catholic priesthood at Ushaw 

 College, Durham, and at Rome, becoming assist- 

 ant priest at St. Andrew's, in Newcastle, in 1843, 

 and senior priest of the cathedral in the same city 

 in 1849. In 1857 he was appointed archbishop 

 for the western district of Scotland, receiving the 

 title of Archbishop of Glasgow. In 1874 he found- 

 ed a diocesan seminary at Glasgow for the study 

 of philosophy and theology. Archbishop Eyre 

 was well known as an antiquary. He was the au- 

 thor of The History of St. Cuthbert (1849) ; Chil- 

 dren of the Bible; and Papers on the Old Cathe- 

 dral of Glasgow. 



Faed, John, Scottish artist, born in Burley 

 Mill, Kirkcudbright, Scotland, in 1820; died in 

 Gatehouse-of-Fleet, Scotland. Oct. 22, 1902. He 

 became a miniature painter when little more than 

 twelve years old. At nineteen he went to Edin- 

 burgh, and, establishing himself there as a minia- 

 turist, soon met with great success. In a few 

 years he sent for his brother Thomas to study art, 

 which the younger man did to such good purpose 

 that he became famous as a genre painter. He 

 died in 1901. Another brother presently went to 



Edinburgh, to be known later as James Faed, the 

 engraver. John Faed began to exhibit at the 

 Royal Scottish Academy in 1841, and about this 

 time took up oil-painting. In 1848 he was elected 

 an associate of the Scottish Academy, and he be- 

 came a full member in 1851. His subjects were 

 found in history, the poets, and homely country 

 life, his early training as a miniaturist making 

 itself apparent in his canvases in great precision 

 of outline, and his paintings, while always care- 

 fully drawn, are somewhat hard in color. Among 

 noteworthy pictures by him are Boyhood (1850) ; 

 The Cruel Sisters (1851); The Cottar's Saturday 

 Night (1854) ; Reason and Faith (1855) ; Job and 

 his Friends (1858) ; Boaz and Ruth (1860) ; Rosa- 

 lind and Orlando; Olivia and Viola; and Shake- 

 speare and his Contemporaries. In 1862 Faed 

 removed to London, where he resided eighteen 

 years, exhibiting regularly at the Royal Academy. 

 Such works as John Anderson, my Jo, The Mor^i- 

 ing before Flodden, The Old Basket-Maker, and 

 Annie's Tryst belong to the period of his London 

 sojourn. He retired to Gatehouse in 1880, but 

 still continued to paint, several pictures of the 

 scenery along the Fleet being numbered among 

 the works of his latest years. 



Faye, Herve Auguste Etienne, French as- 

 tronomer and meteorologist, born in Saint-Benoit- 

 du-Sault, Indre, Oct. 5, 1814; died in Passy, July 

 4, 1902. He entered the Polytechnic School, but 

 soon left his studies to take charge of a large in- 

 dustrial establishment in Holland. He first came 

 prominently before the scientific world in Novem- 

 ber, 1845, as the discoverer of the comet that bears 

 his name. He was at this time an assistant in 

 the Paris Observatory. In cosmical physics and 

 chemistry he was a pioneer, and if his theories 

 have not always been justified by later research, 

 they are always philosophical and suggestive. In- 

 deed, his philosophic writings are those on which 

 his reputation among his own countrymen chiefly 

 rests. He wrote several volumes, the two best 

 known of which are Sur 1'Origine du Monde and 

 Cours d'Astronomie Nautique. He was called by 

 Marshal MacMahon to fill the office of Minister 

 of Instruction in his Cabinet. 



Filhol, Pierre Antoine Henri, French nat- 

 uralist, born in Toulouse in 1843; died April 28, 

 1902. He was the son of the famous chenii>t 

 Edouard Filhol, studied medicine, and obtained his 

 degree at an early age. He soon became a close 

 student of paleontology and comparative anat- 

 omy, and in 1863 made his first contribution to 

 science in a paper, L'Age de la Pierre dans les 

 Cavernes de la Vallee de Tarascon (Ariege), pub- 

 lished in the Compte Rendus, LVII. He was a 

 member of the French Commission sent out to 

 study the transit of Venus in 1875. In 1876 he 

 received the Lalande-Guerineau prize of the 

 French Academy of Sciences; was awarded the 

 gold medal of the Scientific Congress of the Sor- 

 bonne in 1879; the Petit-d'Hormoy prize in 1883; 

 and received the decoration of the Legion of Hon- 

 or in 1886. He at one time held the chair of Zoolo- 

 gy in the Faculty of Sciences of Toulouse. In 

 1885 he became subdirector. and subsequently 

 director, of the Museum of Natural History in 

 Paris, and was finally appointed to the profes-m 

 ship of Comparative Anatomy, which post he ln-l<l 

 until his death. Anionir his most important sci- 

 entific memoirs are Recherohes sur les Phosphorite? 

 du Quercy; Eludes des Mammifres Fossiles de 

 Saint Geraud le Puy (Allier) ; Etude des Mam- 

 mi fores Fossiles de Ronzon ; Eludes sur Mammi- 

 fores Fossiles de Sausan; La Vie au Fond dea 

 Mers; Faune desCrustaces de la Nouvelle-Zolande: 

 Zoologie Descriptive, and, in conjunction with M. 



