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OBITUARIES, FOREIGN. (PAUL PAUNCEFOTE.) 



Dr. Parker went to London at the repeated in- 

 vitation of the oldest Congregational body in 

 that city. Here he built the City Temple, which 

 was opened on May 19, 1874, and his ministry 

 there was interrupted only by brief vacations. 

 He was no respecter of persons, and freely de- 

 nounced the Prince of Wales (now King) for his 

 gambling and immoralities and the Sultan of 

 Turkey for his atrocities. He several times vis- 

 ited the United States, preaching in Plymouth 

 Church, Brooklyn, and delivering a eulogy on 

 Henry Ward Beecher in that city. Although 

 startling in his methods, he was orthodox as to 

 the fundamentals of Christianity, as shown by 

 his book Ecce Deus (1868), in answer to Prof. 

 Seeley's Ecce Homo. He also wrote Emmanuel 

 (1859); Springdale Abbey (1869); Ad Clerum 

 (1870); The Paraclete (1874); The Priesthood 

 of Christ (1876) ; The Inner Life of Christ (1881) ; 

 Apostolic Life (1884); Tyne Chylde (1883); and 

 an autobiography (1899). His sermons were pub- 

 lished in a series of 25 volumes, under the title 

 of The People's Bible. 



Paul, Charles Kegan, English publisher and 

 author, born in White Lackington, Somerset, 

 England, March 8, 1828; died in London, July 

 19, 1902. He was educated at Eton and Oxford. 

 He took orders in the Anglican Church, and was 

 curate of Great Tew in 1851, and at Bloxham in 

 1852. After spending ten years as tutor at Eton, 

 he became vicar of Sturminster, Dorset, remain- 

 ing there nine years. His religious views having 

 now assumed a positivist character, he resigned 

 his living, and became reader for the publishing 

 house of Henry S. King, whom he succeeded in 

 the business. With him was presently associated 

 a son of Archbishop Trench, and the firm pub- 

 lished several valuable series of books and The 

 Nineteenth Century. Later Mr. Paul met with 

 reverses, and the firm became a limited company, 

 of which he long continued as manager, retiring 

 in 1899. In his latest years he entered the Roman 

 Catholic Church. His writings include a Trans- 

 lation of Faust (1873); William Godwin: His 

 Friends and Contemporaries (1876); Mary Wool- 

 stoncraft's Letters to Imlay, with Memoir 

 (1878); Biographical Sketches (1883); Maria 

 Drummond: A Sketch (1891) ; Faith and Unfaith 

 (1891); Confessio Viatoris (1891); a translation 

 of Huysman's En Route; By the Wayside 

 (verse); Memories (1899). 



Pauncefote, Julian, Lord, English diploma- 

 tist, born in 1828; died in Washington, May 24, 

 1902. He was the son of a country gentleman 

 of Gloucestershire, was educated at Marlborough 

 College and in Paris and Geneva, was called to 

 the bar in 1852, and practised as a barrister and 

 later as a conveyancer, with a short intermission 

 when he was private secretary to Sir Samuel 

 Molesworth, Colonial Minister. In 1862 he went 

 to Hong-Kong, where he became Attorney-Gen- 

 eral in 1865, was a member of the Legislative and 

 Executive Councils, and became Chief Justice. 

 In 1872 he went to the Leeward Islands as Chief 

 Justice, and on returning to England in 1874 

 became legal assistant at the Colonial Office. 

 In 1876 he was appointed legal assistant under- 

 secretary at the Foreign Office and received the 

 colonial order of knighthood. In 1882 Sir Julian 

 Pauncefote was appointed permanent Under-Sec- 

 retary of State for Foreign Affairs. He repre- 

 sented Great Britain in 1885 on the Suez Canal 

 commission at Paris, and in 1888 was made a 

 knight of the Bath. In 1889 he was selected to 

 restore to a normal footing diplomatic relations 

 with the United States, which had been left in 

 the care of a charge d'affaires since President 



Cleveland in the previous year had given his- 

 passports to Sir Lionel Sackville West. There 

 were many unsettled questions between England 

 and the United States, and Lord Salisbury de- 

 cided to try the experiment of entrusting the 

 delicate situation to a man of legal and judicial 

 training, hoping that this would prove a better 

 equipment for dealing with American statesmen 

 than diplomatic 

 experience. The 

 principle of arbi- 

 tration was ac- 

 cepted in the Ber- 

 ing Sea dispute 

 in 1890 and a 

 treaty was signed 

 in 1892. He man- 

 aged the critical 

 Venezuela question 

 in such a way as 

 to extricate his 

 Government from 

 an embarrassing 

 position with the 

 least possible loss 

 of dignity. As a 

 solace he negoti- 

 ated the general 

 arbitration treaty between Great Britain and 

 the United States, but by the vote of the 

 Senate such an entanglement was avoided. He 

 sought unsuccessfully to clear away the vexa- 

 tious petty questions that caused friction be- 

 tween the United States and Canada through a 

 joint commission. He arranged a modus Vivendi 

 and a provisional boundary in the Alaska fron- 

 tier dispute. He endeavored to replace the mis- 

 chievous Clayton-Bulwer treaty with one that 

 preserved an equivalent for the advantages that it 

 gratuitously gave to Great Britain, and when the 

 Senate rejected this he arranged a compromise 

 between the Senate and Lord Lansdowne. The 

 British legation was raised to the rank of an 

 embassy in 1893, Congress having passed an act 

 for the promotion of American ministers to be 

 ambassador to such powers as should send am- 

 bassadors to the United States. Sir Julian Paunce- 

 fote was the first of the ambassadors to present 

 his credentials. In 1898 he reached the legal age 

 for retirement, but he was requested to remain 

 for another year, and at its close the request 

 was repeated, he having been meanwhile raised 

 to the peerage as Baron Pauncefote of Preston 

 in recognition of his services at The Hague Peace 

 Conference, and when the second year had 

 passed, as difficult negotiations were not yet con- 

 cluded and a presidential election was near, he 

 was still retained at his post. At the time when 

 the Spanish War was imminent he was the dean 

 of the diplomatic body at Washington. The 

 European cabinets were considering among thorn- 

 selves some means of bringing pressure upon the 

 United States to prevent the threatened inter- 

 vention in Cuba. The policy of England was to 

 hold herself apart and gain credit and prestige 

 by preventing war either by independent action 

 or by dictating the concerted action. The Brit- 

 ish ambassador sounded the American Govern- 

 ment as to the prospects of mediation and found 

 that it would not be acceptable. When the rep- 

 resentatives of the powers, who had already pre- 

 sented a note to the President expressing hopes 

 for a peaceful outcome, proposed to present an- 

 other joint note, he drew up one in terms which 

 he ascertained that the President would receive. 

 Suggestions of an imperative remonstrance were 

 made by the Austrian minister. Alterations were 



