UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. (ARIZONA.) 



695 



^orated towns shall be turned over to the treas- 

 ury of said towns for school purposes. By an 

 .amendment to the above section 203, approved 

 March 3, 1901, it was provided that 50 per cent, 

 of all license moneys that may hereafter be paid 

 for business carried on outside incorporated 

 towns in the district of Alaska shall be set aside 

 to be expended, within the discretion and under 

 the direction of the Secretary of the Interior, for 

 school purposes outside incorporated towns in 



,aid district." 



Under the provision of the license law there 

 has been received from March 3, 1901, to June 



;0, 1902, for education in Alaska, outside of in- 



:orporated towns, $35,882.41. This fund was dis- 

 bursed as follows: Salaries of officials, $5,066.12; 

 salaries of teachers, $17,192.54; supplies, $2,420.- 

 tf4; fuel and lighting, $995.40; repairs, $204.53; 

 rent, $369.85; traveling expenses, $201.40; freight, 

 .$27.24; balance, $9,404.69. 



Reindeer. The appropriations for the intro- 

 duction of domestic reindeer into Alaska were in 

 1901 and 1902 $25,000 for each year. The expend- 

 itures were, in 1901: Salaries, $10,430.37; supplies 



or stations, $2,724.90; coal for revenue-cutter 

 Bear, $2,202.57; for 428 reindeer, $5,617.50; other 



ixpenses, $4,017.53; balance, $7.13. In 1902: Sal- 



iries, $2,810.03; supplies, $4,498.44; transporta- 

 tion of deer, including transportation charges on 



:28 deer bought in 1901, $11,546.55; other ex- 



enses, $2,971.59; balance, $3,173.39. 

 The following table shows the -annual increase, 

 together with the number of deer imported since 

 1900: 



From the first purchase of reindeer, in 1891, 

 ~when 16 were bought as an experiment, 1,320 

 reindeer have been procured in Siberia and deliv- 

 ered in Alaska. From these, 4,462 fawns have 

 been born. 



The most noteworthy event in 1901, and one 

 of the most important in the history of the rein- 

 deer movement, was the securing of deer from 

 the region back of Ola, Siberia, to cross with 

 existing herds. 



The reindeer are rapidly becoming a source of 

 profit to their owners. The Cape Prince of Wales 

 herd has become so large as to allow a limited 

 number of the deer to be killed for food. The 

 <leer bring from $60 to $100 each in the neighbor- 

 ing mining-camps for butchering, the proceeds of 

 the sale supplying the herder families with cloth- 

 ing and household appliance. Trained deer sell 

 to the miners for $150 each for freighting and 

 .driving. Many of the Lapps are also employed 

 as drivers. In the winter of 1900-'01 the herders 

 at Cape Prince of Wales received $600 in gold 

 for freighting with their reindeer to the mining- 

 camps. This applies in a limited way to all the 

 stations, and in a short time the sale of extra 

 males from the herds will more than pay the 

 annual expenses of the stations. During the win- 

 ter of 1901-'02 even a larger number of deer were 

 used by the miners to carry provisions and sup- 

 plies, and the mail was carried regularly from 

 Nome to Kotzebue Sound by reindeer teams. In 

 December, 1900, reindeer teams from the Eaton 

 station relieved 3 construction parties of United 



States troops, aggregating 110 officers and men, 

 who had been snowed in at Kaltag, on the Yukon 

 river, and after removing their camp 50 miles to 

 a place of safety, carried a supply of provisions 

 to them from St. Michael. These deer also trans- 

 ported telegraph-poles and supplies and provi- 

 sions for the men engaged in building -the tele- 

 graph-line between Norton Sound and the Yukon 

 river. At the same time teams from the Teller 

 station were employed for a military expedition 

 to relieve the destitution of the natives in the 

 neighborhood of Kotzebue Sound. 



The rapid increase of the number of deer has 

 necessitated the adoption of a system of brand- 

 ing similar to that used in the Western United 

 States, whereby the owners may distinguish their 

 property. The marks are placed upon the ears 

 of the animals. 



Late in 1901 it was reported that the Russian 

 Government had prohibited the further exporta- 

 tion of reindeer from Siberia. Upon the inquiry 

 of the Bureau of Education through official chan- 

 nels permission was granted for the purchase of 

 300 deer in the summer of 1902, with the condi- 

 tion that the reindeer should be paid for in coin 

 instead of barter goods as formerly. When the 

 revenue-cutter Bear reached Baroness Korfig 

 Bay the natives had large herds to sell; but 

 when they learned that the ship carried no flour, 

 calico, tobacco, or other things for which they 

 were accustomed to trade, never having had any 

 money in circulation and being unacquainted 

 with its value, they refused to sell, and only 30 

 deer were secured. 



The Nome Conspiracy. Jan. 6, 1902, the 

 United States Circuit Court of Appeals, in San 

 Francisco, fined Judge Arthur H. Noyes, of the 

 Second District of Alaska, $1,000 for contempt of 

 court, and sentenced District- Attorney Joseph K. 

 Wood and his assistant, C. A. A. Frost, to four 

 months and one year imprisonment respectively. 

 While the case was tried solely on the charge of 

 contempt, the defendants having refused to an- 

 swer the mandates of the court, it was the out- 

 growth of the conspiracy entered into by Judge 

 Noyes, Alexander McKenzie (who was convicted 

 in February, 1901), and others in Nome in the 

 summer of 1900, where, by the appointment of 

 McKenzie as receiver, they took over all the most 

 valuable mining-claims in Nome, and refused to 

 restore them or to respect the injunctions of the 

 higher court. Upon the findings of Attorney- 

 General Knox, Feb. 23, 1902, after reviewing the 

 charges, President Roosevelt dismissed Judge 

 Noyes from office Feb. 25, 1902. 



ARIZONA, a Territory of the United States, 

 organized Feb. 14, 1863; area, 113,020 square 

 miles. The population, according to each decen- 

 nial census since the organization, was 9,658 in 

 1870; 40,440 in 1880; 59,620 in 1890; and 122.931 

 in 1900. Capital, Phosnix. 



Government. The following were the Terri- 

 torial officers in 1902: Governor, N. O. Murphy, 

 succeeded in July by Alexander O. Brodie; Secre- 

 tary, Isaac T. Stoddard; Auditor, William F. 

 Nichols; Treasurer, T. W. Pemberton, resigned 

 and succeeded in August by I. M. Christy; Attor- 

 ney-General, C. A. Ainsworth, resigned and suc- 

 ceeded in August by E. W. Wells; Adjutant-Gen- 

 eral, H. F. Robinson; Superintendent of Educa- 

 tion, R. L. Long, resigned in July, succeeded by 

 Nelson G. Layton; Geologist, W. P. Blake; Sur- 

 veyor-General, Hugh H. Price; Veterinarian, J. C. 

 Norton; Chairman of Live-Stock Sanitary Board, 

 A. C. McQueen; Surgeon-General. M. M. Walker; 

 Board of Equalization, R. N. Fredericks, Michael 

 Ohl, M. P. Freeman, resigned and succeeded by 



