790 



UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. (PENNSYLVANIA.) 



department of labor in charge of a secretary, 

 with a seat in the Cabinet; a demand that the 

 next Legislature pass a law placing all public 

 officers of the State upon reasonable salaries, not 

 to be increased during incumbent's term of office, 

 and a prohibition of any further compensation 

 or fees; a call for the creation of a mining bu- 

 reau to promote the development of the mineral 

 resources of the State; a recommendation to Rep- 

 resentatives and Senators to endeavor to secure 

 the speedy opening of Columbia river between 

 The Dalles and Celilo, the clearing of all obstruc- 

 tions in the river from its mouth to the head of 

 navigation, and the improvement of coast harbors 

 and streams within the State; a protest against 

 the entertainment of any plan, scheme, or propo- 

 sition for leasing the public domain either to 

 individuals or to corporations, believing that the 

 public lands should be held in trust for the use 

 and benefit of all the people under the homestead 

 laws; a request for legislation to foster and sup- 

 port the fishing industries; a demand and insist- 

 ence upon the passage by Congress of the Grout 

 oleomargarine bill; a declaration of approval of 

 the primary law passed by the Legislature in 

 1901, and a request that it be extended so as to 

 apply to primary elections in all election pre- 

 cincts throughout the State; a recommendation 

 that United States Senators be elected by popu- 

 lar vote. 



The convention passed resolutions urging upon 

 Congress immediate action on the bill to pension 

 Indian war veterans of Oregon and Washington. 



The recent growth of the Socialists as a party 

 may be seen by a comparison of the vote for 

 President in 1900 with the vote this year for Sec- 

 retary of State, viz., Socialist vote in 1900, 1,466; 

 in 1902, 5,589. The Prohibition vote increased 

 from 2,536 in 1900 to 4,935 in 1902. 



The plank relating to salaries of State officers 

 brings again into notice a matter that has been 

 agitated for a number of years at each succeeding 

 election. The Constitution of the State, framed 

 when there were hardly 50,000 people in Oregon, 

 fixed a limit to the salaries of officials. The sal- 

 ary of the Governor, for instance, is $1,500. In 

 recent years no men could be found to serve for 

 the small salaries named by the Constitution, and 

 these amounts have been increased by allowances 

 and fees, passed by successive Legislatures as 

 compensation for " extra services. The Gov- 

 ernor actually receives $4,250 per annum, and for 

 clerical assistance he has $1,200; his secretary re- 

 ceives $1,800. The new Governor, in order to 

 force the Legislature to fix reasonable salaries 

 for all officers of the State, threatens to veto 

 any measure providing for fees or perquisites; 

 and, moreover, insists that, should the Legisla- 

 ture not repeal the laws now in force which give 

 fees to State officers, he will take whatever may 

 be necessary to prevent the collection of the 

 money allowed by law in violation of the Consti- 

 tution. 



The initiative and referendum amendment to 

 the Constitution was passed at the November 

 election. Every bill for an act must be introduced 

 with the words " Be it enacted by the people of 

 the State of Oregon." If the bill meets the ap- 

 proval of the people, it may stand as law after 

 the Legislature enacts it; if they disapprove, 

 they may reject it under the referendum clause 

 of the amendment. Moreover, should the Legis- 

 lature fail to pass any law that the people want, 

 they may enact it themselves at the polls. The 

 same power which enables the people to pass a 

 law also enables them to amend the Constitution 

 independently of Legislative action. By the 



amendment just voted, it only requires that any 

 proposed amendment shall receive, in order to 

 become a part of the Constitution, a majority of 

 all the votes cast in reference to it, instead of, 

 as formerly was the case, a majority of the 

 votes cast at the election. The minority rule in 

 cases of the application of the referendum, for it 

 requires but 5 per cent, of the voters to compel 

 the submission of a measure enacted by the 

 Legislature. The consequence is, that an act 

 which really meets with favor from a majority 

 of the voters may be held up as long as eighteen 

 months because 5 per cent, of the voting popu- 

 lation wish to express their opposition. 



PENNSYLVANIA, a Middle State, one of $ 

 the original thirteen, ratified the Constitution 

 Dec. 12, 1787; area, 45,215 square miles. The 

 population, according to each decennial census, 

 was 434,373 in 1790; 602,365 in 1800; 810,091 in 

 1810; 1,047,507 in 1820; 1,348,233 in 1830; 1,724,- 

 033 in 1840; 2,311,786 in 1850; 2,906,215 in 1860; 

 3,521,951 in 1870; 4,282,891 in 1880; 5,258,014 in ' 

 1890; and 6,302,115 in 1900. Capital, Harrisburg. " 



Government. The following were the State 

 o'fficers in 1902: Governor, William A. Stone; 

 Lieutenant-Governor, J. P. S. Gobin; Secretary 

 of the Commonwealth, William W. Griest; Sec- 

 retary of Internal Affairs, James W. Latta; Treas 

 urer, James E. Barnett; Auditor-General, E. B. 

 Hardenbergh; Attorney-General, John P. Elkin: 

 Adjutant-General, Thomas J. Stewart; Superin 

 tendent of Public Instruction, N. C. Schaeffer; In- . 

 surance Commissioner, Israel W. Durham; Com- 

 missioner of Banking, Frank Reeder; Secretary 

 of Agriculture, John Hamilton; Commissioner of 

 Forestry, J. H. Rothrock; Dairy and Food Com- 

 missioner, Jesse Cope; Zoologist, H. T. Fernald; 

 Factory Inspector, James Campbell; Veterinari- 

 an, Leonard Pierson; Librarian, George E. Reed; 

 Superintendent of Public Buildings and Grounds, 

 T. L. Eyre; Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, 

 J. B. McCollum; Associate Justices, J. Hay 

 Brown, James T. Mitchell, William P. Potter, 

 John Dean, D. Newlin Fell, and S. L. Mestrezat; 

 Prothonotaries, Charles S. Greene, William Pear- 

 son, and George Pearson ; Justices of the Superior 

 Court, C. E. Rice, J. A. Beaver, William D. Porter, 

 George B. Orlady, P. P. Smith, William W. Por- 

 ter, and John I. Mitchell. N. C. Schaeffer and 

 Judges McCollum and Smith are Democrats; the 

 others are Republicans. 



The Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, and Secre- 

 tary of Internal Affairs are elected in even-num- 

 bered years for a term of four years; the Treas- 

 urer in odd-numbered years for a term of two 

 years. The Secretary of the Commonwealth, the 

 Attorney-General, and the Adjutant-General air 

 appointed by the Governor at pleasure, and tin 1 

 Superintendent of Public Instruction for four 

 years. The Legislature holds biennial session-. 

 beginning in January of odd-numbered year-. 

 Senators are elected for four years, and Repre- 

 sentatives for two years. 



Finances. In September, 1901, the Treasurer 

 reported a balance in the general fund of $10. TV 

 956.54. The public debt, Dec. 1, was $6,815,299. 

 The appropriations for 1900 and 1901 amounted 

 to $10,617,765.78, and for 1901 and 1902 to $13,- 

 975.877.46. The receipts at the treasury from 

 Nov. 1, 1900, to Nov. 1, 1901, were $17,727,432.46; 

 total expenditures, $16,669,399.05, leaving a bal- 

 ance, including the general and sinking funds, of 

 $7,708,022.18. The amount collected and expend- 

 ed for the support of the poor was $2,946,732 ; con- 

 struction and repair of streets and roads, $10,936,- 

 410; maintenance of common schools, not includ- 

 ing the money received from the State treasury, 





