Uprights 4: inches by inches, 2 feet 6 inches from center to center, 

 with anchor braces extending back 6 feet from each upright. 



Solid boarding extending from each end of vat toward center to 

 catch splash and prevent cattle jumping over, as shown in plan; also 

 tight boarding on either side of vat 2 feet high, 1-irfch flooring to 

 catch splash. 



False bottom to prevent springing of tme bottom. 



Sheet iron on floor of slide. 



Strong fence around draining pen, 7 feet high, lower 4 feet of 

 which should be built solid. Strong, tight flooring, inclining to center 

 of each pen, with gutter emptying into barrel on outside of fence; 

 this allows dirt to settle and not enter vat. 



False bottom to floor of pens having 2-inch space between boards 

 and built in sections so the} 7 may be easily removed and floor cleaned; 

 also to prevent cattle slipping. Grate to swing on end of division 

 fence nearest vat, so as to close either draining pen; wooden stick (or 

 handle) attached to free side of gate by hinge so as to be opened and 

 closed from outside. Draining pens 20 feet square; this is large, 

 so as to permit oil to drain off cattle and be used again. 



By dipping young cattle last less oil is required, but sucking calves 

 should be dipped with their mothers, for if separated for a time the 

 mothers are liable not to know their calves. Avoid crowding cattle 

 forward so fast as to cause them to jump upon one another while in 

 the vat. 



Provide shade and plenty of water during hot weather, and furnish 

 shelter from winds during cold weather, with plenty of feed. Be 

 careful not to overdrive or handle roughly cattle that have recently 

 been dipped. Do not dip cattle when they are wet. 



The crook shown in figure 16 is 12 inches in diameter, with a wooden 

 staff 6 feet long. It is to be used in assisting } r oung stock through the 

 vat and in turning them around should they become headed the wrong 

 wa} r in the vat. 



A crotch 5 feet long may be used in crowding the animal's head 

 under the oil when necessary (see fig. IT), and a pail filled with oil 

 should be at hand to throw over the head in case head can not be 

 immersed. Complete immersion is all that is necessary, but it must 

 be complete. Thin oil should he used, as thick oil is more or less 

 injurious to the animals. 



The crude Beaumont petroleum contains in solution, in its natural 

 state, a considerable amount ranging from li to 2 per cent of sul- 

 phur, and is a valuable remed} 7 for hand treatment with mop, rag, or 

 sponge to keep scabies in check during the winter when the weather 

 is too cold to admit of the more thorough treatment b\ 7 dipping. 

 This oil, when thoroughly applied to mangv cattle, softens the scabs 



152 



