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In order to attain success in the treatment of mange, care and 

 thoroughness of method must be observed. Animals that have been 

 exposed should be dipped as well as those that show distinct evidences 

 of the disease. After the lapse of ten days or two weeks following 

 the first dipping, the animals should be subjected to a second dipping, 

 in order that parasites which may have survived the first treatment, 

 or which may have gotten on the animals from corrals, sheds, build- 

 ings, or elsewhere, may be destroyed. Careful examinations of thou- 

 sands of cattle, thirty to forty days after being put through the dip 

 for the second time, have failed to reveal evidence of scabies on any of 

 them. 



The dip liquid in the tanks during the whole dipping process should 

 be kept at the temperature before stated from 102 to 110 F. Each 

 animal should be kept two minutes in the dip, and be put completely 

 under twice during that time. All bad cases should be hand-rubbed 

 and kept in the dip four minutes. 



Pregnant cows have been treated, as well as cattle of all ages, from 

 calves to full-grown steers, with the loss of but one animal in one of 

 the swimming tanks. This was a steer which for some unknown 

 reason seemed to be unable to swim and was drowned. It would appear 

 that the dipping of cows, when proper care is taken especially to pre- 

 vent crowding in the chutes has no appreciable effect upon abortions, 

 as a comparison with previous years showed that the dipping had not 

 increased the average number of abortions regularly occurring among 

 these herds before dips were used. 



SMALL DIPPING PLANTS. 



Of the various dipping plants in use, there are probably three that 

 need description: (1) The small dipping plant, with cage for lowering 

 cattle into dipping tank, which is inexpensive and suitable for use 

 by a community of farmers; (2) the larger dipping plant with swim- 

 ming tank, such as will be needed if large numbers of range cattle are 

 to be treated; (3) and a small or medium-sized plant with swimming 

 tank. A suitable plant for a community of farmers has been built 

 for $150, while a large swimming tank will cost about $350. 



Such plants as those in operation 18 miles north of Steele, N. Dak. , 

 known as the Langedahl, and the William Nelson plant at Mencken, 

 Burleigh County, N. Dak. , would seem to be admirable examples of the 

 smaller kind. The former plant, with the exception of the tank, was 

 built by farmers. A thrashing engine may be used for heating pur- 

 poses by connecting a IJ-inch pipe to the whistle intake, the whistle 

 being removed, and the pipe joined to the union. These plants have 

 a capacity of 200 head per day. The cost, without engine or labor, 

 excepting the labor to build the tank or vat, was nbout $150. One 



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