THE HOME WATER SUPPLY 



53 



Frequently the cylinder is kept below the surface of the 

 water in the well. 



Force pump. If water is to be forced higher than the 

 spout of the pump, a force pump is used. The lower part 

 5 and T is like the ordinary pump. 

 The spout instead of being open 

 is a water-tight pipe which con- 

 nects with an air dome A. As the 

 pump is worked, water is forced 

 into this dome and compresses 

 the air there, which in turn forces 

 the water out through another 

 pipe, giving a steady flow of 

 water. 



Running water in the house. 

 It is easier and less expensive than 

 is commonly thought to have 

 running water in the house, and 

 the convenience is worth the ex- 

 pense many times over. 



Gravity system. One of the best 

 systems is the gravity system, 

 when conditions are such that it can be used. For this pur- 

 pose the stream or spring must be high enough above the 

 house so that the water may be piped directly from the 

 source of water supply into the ^ouse. This system is cheap 

 and reliable, but the necessary conditions are found only 

 occasionally. 



Hydraulic ram. When the source of water is below the 

 level of the house, some kind of pump and power to work it 

 must be used. The cheapest method is the hydraulic ram, 

 which requires a running brook with sufficient fall to furnish 

 the needed power, and a very liberal supply of water, as the 

 machine wastes about seven times as much water as it 

 pumps. The principle involved is that some of the energy 



FIG. 1 6. A force pump. 



