2! 



netism these are tin- successive steps of subjugation. The 

 earliest mills wen- driven ly the gentle hands of women. 

 Woman shared with the ox the burdens of domestic toil. 

 What rejoicing when tin- next great step <>t' conquest was 

 achieved, and water made t<> take her place at the st" 

 How heartily does the old Greek poet congratulate the female sex 

 on their emancipation from this form of drudgery ! Woman ! 

 In exclaims with enthusiasm, " You who have hitherto he. n 

 employed to grind corn, for the future, let your arms rest. It 

 is no longer for you that the birds announce by their songs the 

 dawn of the morning. Ceres has ordered the river nymphs to 

 move the heavy mill-stones and perform your labor." 



And thus has been hailed each successive triumph of man 

 over nature, from that day to this when the rejoicings of the 

 world over the victories of steam and magnetism the sublime 

 power of our modern enginery, and the magic achievements of 

 the telegraph are still so fresh in our memories. 



In this long struggle of man to improve his condition to 

 realize the high ideals of comfort and enjoyment which his 

 imagination paints for him* he is doing a two-fold work. At 

 one time he sets himself to the single task of overcoming the 

 obstacles he meets of inventing instruments and processes for 

 attaining ends beyond his immediate reach. At another, he 

 lingers to examine phenomena that arrest his attention, learns 

 their laws, discovers their relations to the results he is seeking, 

 and obtains hints for the devising of new processes, and still 

 more powerful means for attaining his ends. In the one 

 capacity as an inventor he is developing the arts ; in the 

 other as a discoverer the sciences. But, at a certain point 

 of progress the point of separation between barbarism and 

 civilization the increasing difficulties and complexities of 

 both lin.'-i t' >>if >rt, require virtually a division of labor. In 



