152 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF [LECT. 



was then unknown, as is the case even now with many 

 races of savages. 



Although flint implements were observed in the drift- 

 gravels more than half a century ago by Mr. Frere, still 

 his observations were forgotten until the same discovery 

 was again made by M. Boucher de Perthes. For our 

 knowledge of the gravel-beds in which they occur, 

 however, we are principally indebted to Mr. Prestwich. 

 Sir Charles Lyell has the high merit of having carefully 

 examined the facts, and given to the antiquity of man 

 the authority of his great name ; nor must the labours 

 of Mr. Evans be passed unnoticed. To him we owe the 

 first comparison between the flint implements of this and 

 those of the Neolithic period. 



As long ago as 1828 MM. Tournal and Christol 

 found in the caves of the south of France human 

 remains associated with those of extinct animals, and 

 shortly afterwards M. Schmerling made similar obser- 

 vations in Belgium. Kent's Hole, near Torquay, was 

 carefully examined by Mr. McEvery in 1825, but his 

 researches remained in manuscript until they were pub- 

 lished by Mr. Vivian in 1859. In 1840, however, Mr. 

 Godwin Austin had also made researches in Kent's Hole, 

 and convinced himself that man co- existed in this country 

 with the mammoth, &c. Since that time various caverns 

 have been examined most carefully by Christy, Lartet. 

 Falconer, Dupont, Busk, Powelly, Boyd Dawkins, Sand- 

 ford, Mirk, Tiddeman, &c. To Mr. Boyd Dawkins, 

 moreover, we are indebted for a special work on Cave 

 Hunting. 



The general facts may be stated to be, that while 

 thousands of implements made out of stone, bone, and 



