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CHAPTER I 



PROPERTIES OF WATER AND 

 SOURCES OF SUPPLY 



IMPURITIES IN WATER. 



PURE water is as essential for our well-being as 

 pure air. Therefore it would seem the most im- 

 portant duty of those who seek to obtain water 

 for a purely domestic purpose to investigate first 

 of all the purity of that water before any further 

 time or money is put into the project. The services 

 of an analyst are also very desirable, because he 

 should be able to give better advice on the ques- 

 tion of purity than the engineer whose business 

 is to bring the supply to the consumer in ways 

 which are going to be shown. A word may be 

 said on the taking of samples to submit to the 

 analyst, which is usually done by the engineer when 

 he has finally decided that a certain supply is the most 

 convenient to the situation, because there is a right 

 and a wrong way of doing this. In the first place 

 special bottles must be used, known as Winchester 

 Quart bottles. They must have glass stoppers. 

 When taking the sample they must be well rinsed 

 out with the actual water in question. When filled 

 the stopper must be immediately sealed and num- 



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