68 



SMALL WATER SUPPLIES. 



For the particular purpose we are at present con- 

 cerned with, the hydraulic ram stands first and fore- 

 most in importance. It may here be remarked that 

 it is strange how slow engineers and others are to 

 adopt this old-established, simple, cheap and efficient 

 piece of apparatus ; when once properly installed a 

 first-class hydraulic ram wants hardly any attention. 

 There is no fuel, oil packing or labour for supervision 

 required ; practically no expenditure on upkeep ; it 



Ran. 



FIG. 5 i. FIG. 52. 



will work year in, year out, without attention and with 

 practically no noise. The hydraulic ram is a machine 

 which utilizes the momentum of a stream of water 

 falling a small height to elevate a portion of that water 

 to a greater height. For instance, 100 gallons of water 

 falling 10 ft. height raises 10 gallons to a height of 

 80 ft, and so on ; the efficiency of a good ram reaching 

 80 per cent, or in other words it will give out ^ of 

 the energy put into it. The following is a description 

 of this simple piece of apparatus, referring to figs. 

 51 and 52. 



