PUMPING WATERS. 



which will work under a fall of 5 ft. in 500 yards, 

 provided the quantity of water is ample. In order 

 to give the makers every chance of giving an esti- 

 mate, unless the stream is a large one, in which the 

 supply may be considered as unlimited, then a gaug- 

 ing should be made in the way pointed out in the 



Working Head,. 



FIG. 53. 



previous chapter, bearing in mind the fact that the 

 greater the fall the less water will be required. 

 Again, the greater the fall the less expensive will be 

 the ram. On the other hand, it is quite possible 

 where choice lies between bringing water from a 

 distance in order to get a high fall, and using water 

 near at hand with a low fall, that the more expensive 



FIG. 54. 



ram will be the cheapest in initial cost, the up-keep 

 of all types being about the same. 



The plan and section in figs. 53 and 54 show in 

 diagrammatic form the usual arrangement for raising 

 water by means of a hydraulic ram, A small weir 



