PUMPING WATERS. 



107 



and drives the exhaust products through the valves 

 E which had opened by their own weight until 

 these valves are shut by the water. The kinetic 

 energy acquired by the column is now spent in com- 

 pressing the fresh charge, which is ignited to start a 







^ "^ 



r. ../: 



^ ^ 



FIG. Sia. 



FIG. 



FIG. 81^. 



new cycle. Thus, each outstroke is a working stroke, 

 and no locking gear is required on the valves. 



The same cycle applies to fig. Sib, but in this case 

 there is a series of admission valves placed in a ring 

 so as to allow the mixture to enter with a low velocity 

 in order to prevent eddies and mixing with the ex- 

 haust products. The author pointed out that a higher 



