152 SMALL WATER SUPPLIES. 



For taking off small branches from mains lead pipe 

 is used. The main is drilled and tapped and into it is 

 screwed a brass ferrule having a union joint. On to 

 one end of this union is soldered the lead pipe, by 

 means of a wiped joint. 



In fig. 122 an example is given of the distribution 

 of water for various purposes in connexion with a 

 large country house. It will be observed that an 

 oil engine and pump delivers water from a shallow 

 well into a large ferro-concrete tank at a sufficient 

 elevation to allow of water flowing by gravity to 

 the cast-iron tank on the main building. When water 

 is in the concrete tank all the hydrants are under 

 a pressure of about 50 ft. The house fittings are all 

 supplied in the usual manner from the cast-iron tank, 

 but there is a small slate tank in the kitchen fed by 

 a f-in. service pipe to supply water for drinking, etc. 

 The hydrant at the stable is a wall pattern, and is 

 used for carriage washing, etc. ; the others are set in 

 cast-iron surface boxes and are for fire use. The 

 lodge has a f-in. supply from the main tank. A by- 

 pass in the engine-room allows of the engine pumping 

 water into the mains at a pressure of 60 Ib. per sq. 

 in. when the valve at the foot of rising pipe to cast- 

 iron tank is closed, a relief valve blowing off at this 

 pressure being in the engine-room. This provision 

 is in case of fire, but water at 50 ft. pressure is of 

 course always available as long as the main tank is 

 full. All the rain-water is led from the surface traps 

 by 4 in. and 5 in. fireclay cement-jointed pipes into 

 a large concrete tank in yard. The water is not 

 filtered but merely strained. A pump in the yard 

 serves to raise it for stable use, but may in dry 



