1 62 SMALL WATER SUPPLIES. 



The class of pump supplied will vary with the class 

 of dwelling supplied. For driving, 

 a clamp as shown in fig. 126 is fixed 

 to the tube with bolts and nuts. 

 Over the tube above a block of 

 FIG 126 wood is made to slide. It has a 



hole in it a little larger than the out- 

 side diameter of the tube, iron handles on each side, 

 and iron rings at each end to prevent splitting. The 

 up and down motion on to the clamp effects the 

 driving. During driving the inside of the tube has 

 to be cleaned by a steam shell-pump, like fig. 20, at- 

 tached to i in. tube. The ball would be a small 

 lead one | in. in diameter. If a general survey of 

 the site seems to be in favour of finding water at 

 any particular point, driving can be started by means 

 of a small hole 24 in. deep, made with a pinch bar, 

 but it must be made quite vertical as it is a base for 

 subsequent operations, and when the point is placed 

 in it, it must be accurately plumbed and re-drawn if 

 not quite so. Two men work the block of wood 

 which is called a "monkey," the clamp being re- 

 moved as the work proceeds. The water will start 

 to rise when the tube has gone down quite a short 

 distance perhaps, but it must be driven several feet 

 farther down to allow for its lowering the saturation 

 surface, testing the tube for its perpendicularity in 

 the meantime. Water poured down the tube Will 

 loosen the earth which has got in preparatory to re- 

 moving it by the shell-pump, and as soon as a few 

 feet of water rise in the tube the pump should be 

 fixed. The first water will be muddy and scarce. 

 More pumping, especially a few strokes at a time 

 and then a pause, will so increase and clear it. 



