THE COLLOID-CHEMISTRY OF SOAPS 4Q 



linolate shows, on the whole, a lower value than sodium oleate 

 and the latter a lower one than sodium stearate. 



It was noted in the making of these solutions of the soap in 

 the different alcohols that the soap dissolved first in the lower 

 members of the alcohol series and last in the uppermost. Upon 

 lowering the temperature the gels farmed first in the upper alco- 



FiouRE33. 



hols and last in the lowest members of the series. It should be 

 noted, too, that the solubility of sodium oleate in methyl alcohol 

 is so high that slight variations in temperature are Mitfieient to 

 cause the mixture, in the concentration here used, to pass from 

 the opalescent gel to a clear solution, while a lowemm of the 

 temperature brings it back to the gel state. As we ascend to 



FIGURE 34. 



the higher alcohols such temperature vanaiinns \\\\\^ be nmdr 

 increasingly larger to accomplish the same result. 



6. M anatomic Alcohols of the General Composition CJIj'H 

 Of the other moimtomic alcohols which have been studied, Iwnsy! 

 alcohol yields lxautiful soaj jellies with the anhydrous soaps of 

 both the acetic and oleie series, as shown in Figs. 33 and 34, an 

 well as Tables XIV and XV which contain the actual experimental 

 data. 



