674 



THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE SEA 



extreme head of the fjord. The total area within a line 

 drawn from the south end of Moskenseso (Lofoten Point) to 

 Most Fjord is over 2000 square (geographical) miles, about 900 

 square miles of this lying outside the ordinary three-mile limit. 

 Within a line from Rost to Kunna the total area is nearly 

 3900 miles, about half being beyond the ordinary limit. 



Another large expanse of sea, the Varanger fjord, in East 

 Finmarken (fig. 25), has been closed, with special regard to 

 whaling, for a distance up to one geographical mile (of fifteen 

 to a degree) outside a line drawn from Kibergsnses on the 

 north to Jacobs River on the south; and it is stated by the 

 Norwegian Minister for Foreign Affairs that the boundary 

 mentioned has always been considered as indicating the true 

 limit of the territorial waters in the Varangerfjord. This arm 

 of the sea, claimed as territorial, is thirty-two miles wide at 

 the entrance and about fifty miles in length. The total area 

 of the fjord is about 630 square (geographical) miles, of which 

 approximately 225 square miles are beyond the ordinary three- 

 mile limit. Various laws have been made by the Norwegian 

 Government affecting whaling in this quarter. 1 



A Swedish decree of 5th May 1871 concerning the fisheries, 

 defined the extent of the territorial waters from the Norwegian 

 frontier along the coast to Kullen, at the entrance to the Sound, 

 as one Swedish league (equal to four geographical miles of 

 60 to a degree), reckoned from the coast, or the farthest out 

 island or rock which is not constantly overflowed by the sea : 2 

 and by the treaty with Denmark in 1899, already referred to, 



1 5th January 1881 ; 19th June 1880 ; 14th June 1890 ; 17th December 1896 ; 

 7th January 1904. In the law of 17th December 1896 the limits are mentioned as 

 follows : " Paa Havstrsekningen ved Troms<j> Amts og Finmarkens Amts Kyst i en 

 Afstand af indtil e"n geografisk Mil fra Kysten, regnet fra den yderste eller Holme, 

 som ikke overskylles af Havet, skal det indtil videre vsere forbudt at jage, anskyde 

 eller drsebe Hval i Tidsrummet fra Iste Januar til Udgangen af Mai. For Varanger- 

 fjordens Vedkommende i Finmarkens Amt bliver Grsendsen for den fredede Strsek- 

 ning udad mod Havet en ret Linie trukket fra Kibergnses til Grsendse, Jakobselv, 

 dog saaledes, at det ogsaa udenfor denne Linie skal vsere forbudt i den ovenanf^rt 

 Tid at jage, anskyde eller drsebe Hval i kortere Afstand fra Kysten ved Kibergna 

 end en geografisk Mil." See also Auber, Annuaire, xi. 136, 1892 ; Kleen, Fifteenth 

 Ann. Rep. Internat. Law Assoc., 17 ; Aschehoug, Norges nuvarende Retsforfatning, 

 90; Kleen, Neutralitetens Lagar, 1889; Norsk Fiskeritidende, 1893, 461. 



2 Riiknadt fran kusten eller langst ut fran denna liggande 6 eller skar, som ej 

 standigt af hafvet ofverskoljes." Svensk Fiskeri Tidskrift, 9e Arg., p. 78. 



