Fuel and Water 143 



of the heavy tender should be over, though, 

 paradoxically, we find them in increased 

 size on the Great Western and the L.N.E.R., 

 whilst they are very much smaller than 

 they used to be on the Southern. Strange 

 that the latter should be so, seeing that this 

 company has no water-troughs because of 

 the hilly nature of the various routes. But 

 the larger tenders on the engines of the 

 railways mentioned is explained by the 

 greater needs of the locomotives attached 

 to them, not the least being the greater 

 amount of coal required for the same num- 

 ber of miles given by smaller engines. 



Thirty years ago a tender was considered 

 of fair or even substantial proportions if it 

 carried 1,700 gallons of water and three 

 tons of coal. Now, even on railways posses- 

 sing water-troughs, we find a tank capacity 

 of 4,000 to 5,000 gallons, and a fuel capacity 

 of six to seven tons. 



The evolution of the tender is almost as 

 interesting as the locomotive. Beginning 

 with a rough wooden truck, with a wooden 

 barrel, placed vertically or horizontally, we 



