HISTORY 



33 



eminent took up the case, and demanded of the 



Burmese monarch security for his future good 



behavior. Theebaw rejected these demands, 



upon the queen declared war on November 



loth. < >n November 28th, General Prendergast 



vd Mumlaluy. the Burmese capital. The i 



-urrendered on the following day, and was 



immediately deported to British territory. The 



rnment was thenceforth administered 1 

 British resident, and on December 31, l v 

 Bunnah was formally annexed to British India, 

 thus closing the history of Burmah as an inde- 

 nt kingdom. 



< adf's Rebellion. In June, 1450, Jack 

 an Iri-hman who called himself Mortimer, 

 with 1 :>.<><><> or L'O.UOO armed men of' Kent, 

 marched on London, and encamped at Black- 

 th, whence he kept up a correspondence with 

 .lixens. many oi whom were favorable to his 

 |>ri>e. The court sent to inquire why the 

 good men of Kent had left their homes. Cade. 

 in a paper entitled "The Complaint of the Com- 

 mons of Kent," replied that the people w. r 

 robbed of their goods for the king's use; that! 

 the men of Kent were especially ill-treated and 

 ; and that the free election of knights 

 hire had been hindered. The court 

 :IS\VIT in the form of an army, before 

 which Cade retreated to Sevenoaks, where he 

 ed the attack of a detachment, which he 

 ied. The royal army now objected to 

 fiplit again>t their countrymen; the court made 

 some concessions, and Cade entered London on 

 !d of July. For two days he maintained 

 -trietest order: but he forced the mayor 

 and judges to pass judgment upon Lord Say. 

 one of the king's hated favorites, whose head 

 s men immediately cut off in Cheapside. 

 vomiM- of pardon now sowed dissension 

 :^ his followers, who dispersed, and a price 

 was set upon Cade's head. He attempted to 

 ex coast, but was folio wea by an j 

 re. named Alexander Iden. who fought* and | 

 killed him .Inly 1 1th. His head was stuck upon 

 London Bridge as a terror to traitors, 1 



Calrmlar. A systematic division of time 

 months, weeks, and days, or a register 

 rsf or similar divisions. The present cal- 

 endar was adopted in the Sixteenth Century, the 

 Julian, or old Hornan calendar, having become 

 gros-1 >us. 



i Lilin (ihiraldi. frequently called AlovMiis 



a physician oi Verona, projected a ' \>\:n\ 



for amending the calendar, which, after his 



was presented by his brother to Pope 



III. To carry it into execution, the 



led :i number of prelates and learned 



In i .">77. the proposed change wai adopted 



by all the C.-itholic princes; : ,nd in l.Vs'J. < , 

 issued a brief abolishing the Julian calendar in 

 all Catholic countries and introducing in its 

 , rider the name <>t the 

 in or reformed calendar, or tin- 

 as the oilier was now called tl.- 

 The amendment order, ! 



.tier the llh , 



1 the l.")th was reckoned imiin 



alter the Jih. l.xery llHiih year, \\hich. by the 

 U) have be. was now 



r, the fourth e'xcepted; I 



is, 1600 was to remain a leap year, but 1700, 

 1800, 1900 to be of the common length, and 

 2000 a leap year again. In this calendar the 

 length of the solar year was taken to be 365 

 days, 5 hours, 49 minutes, and 12 seconds, the 

 difference between which and subsequent ob- 

 servations is immaterial. In Spain. Portugal, 

 and the greater part of Italy, the amendment 

 was introduced according to the pope's instruc- 

 tions. In France, the t -n days were dropped 

 in December, the 10th being called the L'uth. 

 In Catholic Switzerland. Germany, ami the 

 Netherlands, the change was introduced in the 

 following year; in Poland, in l.WJ: in Hungary, 

 in 1587. Protestant Germany. Holland, and 

 Denmark accepted it in 1700, and Switzerland 

 in 1701. In the German Empire a di; 

 still remained for a considerable time as to tin- 

 period for observing Easter. In England the 

 Gregorian calendar was adopted in 17 

 accordance with an act of Parliament passed 

 'the previous year, the day after the iM of Sep- 

 tember becoming the 14tli. Sweden followed m 

 1753. The change adopted in the English cal- 

 endar in 17.~>L' embraced another {xiim. 

 had been previous to this time, various periods 

 fixed for the commencement of ? : 

 various countries of Euroi>e. In France, from 

 the time of Charles IX., the year was reckoned 

 to begin from the 1st of January; this was also 

 the popular reckon ini: in Knuland, but the legal 

 and ecclesiastical year began on March 

 The 1st of January was now adopted as the 

 beginning of the legal year, and it wa> customary 

 for some time to give two dates for the period 

 intervening between January 1st and 

 iMth. that of the old and that of the new year, 

 as January 17.V-'. ; . Russia alone retains the 

 old style, which now differs twelve days from 

 the new. 



California. The name, signifying "hot 

 furnace." is derived from the Spanish. Though 

 discovered by Sir Francis hrake in l.~>7v it was 

 first settled by the Spaniards in 1768, at San 

 Diego. Lower California, however, was settled 

 by the Jesuit missionaries in ir.VI. Spanish 

 piwer was overthrown by the Mexican 1: 

 tion of IN--. By the treaty of peace which 

 followed the Mexican War. California was ceded 

 to the t'nited States for $1.').(HHI.(KH) ill 1847. 

 At this time the white population amounted to 



only l~>.nou. In February. 1MV tfold \vaa dis- 

 covered by Colonel Sutler, a verification of 

 Humboldt's prophecy more than a do/en yean 

 before. The t -miirrat ion fmm all parts ,,| the 

 world was unparalleled, soon iiirrva-uiK the pop- 

 ulation to a quarter of a million. Hie Statt 

 was admit ted t<> the I'nion on September 9, 1850. 

 The history of the Chinese in California has 

 tkable than that of :ii:y other 

 foreign ejement < the number of Chi- 



ted with remarkable 



unanimitv in taVOf "i the restriction ol Chines,. 

 immigration. In i^ 



re-inction law which, by successive renewals, 

 has been kept in lorrc till the present 



The Chines,- popnlal: 



had declined to 7i.<H>(>; and by 1900, to 45,753. 



