174 



THE STANDARD DICTIONARY 01 TACTS 



rippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Loui>iana. Frankfort. The Union forces under General 

 Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Buell moving against him, he slowly retreated 

 Carolina). On February 4th a Congress met at to Perryville, where, on the 8th, a severe battle 

 Montgomery Ala,, and framed a constitution for . was fought. During the succeeding night Bragg 

 the **Uonfederate States of America." Jefferson continued his retreat, and passed into East Ten- 

 Davis of Mississippi was chosen president, and nosee. About the end of September the Con- 

 H. Stephf pre>i- federates under Generals Price and Van Dorn 



enUMntalonpni/ation. the first advanced against Corinth, Miss., now defended 

 warlike act was the bombardment l>\ the Con- j by General Rosecrans. Their assaults (October 

 federates of Fort Sumter. which surrendered 3d. 4th) were repulsed with great loss. General 

 April 13. 1861. On July 21st was fought the Rosecrans, having superseded Buell, moved into 



battle of Bull Run, near Manassas Junction, Va., 

 the first of any magnitude during the war, in 

 which the Unio'n forces under General McDow.-ll 



Tennessee, and marched upon Murfreesboro, 

 where Bragg's forces were concentrated, reach- 

 mg Stone River near that place on December 29 



defeated bv tin- Confederates under (Jen- and 30th. Here bloody engagements occurred 



* i-iii i- i i . T\ i o-t t o/>r _ J T o i o/?o i_: ^\^ 



ti 

 the 



era! Beauregard" and fell back in disorder to 

 Washington. Soon after General MrClellan. 

 who had cleared NV.-*t Virginia of Confederate 

 sed in command of the army of 

 On August loth, a battle was 

 fought at Wilson's Creek, near Springfield, Mo., 

 between the Confederates under General Mc- 

 Culloch and the Federals under General Lyon, 

 who fell. This was followed by a varying and 

 indecisive warfare in that State. On August 

 29th, Forts Hatteras and Clark, N. C., were 

 taken by General Butler and Commodore String- 

 ham; and on November 7th, Port Royal, S. C., 

 by Commodore Du Pont and General T. W. 



December 31, 1862, and January 2, 1863, which 

 resulted in Bragg's retreat. Still greater ope- 

 rations took place on the eastern theater of the 

 war. Brisk fighting occurred in the Shenandoah 

 Valley (March-June), with decided advantage 

 on the whole to the Confederate General Jackson 

 over Banks, Fremont, and others. About April 

 1, 1862, General McClellan transferred his forces 

 to Fortress Monroe, near which a remarkable 

 naval duel had taken place (at Hampton Roads) 

 and began a movement upon Richmond up the 

 peninsula between the York and James Rivers, 

 fighting at Yorktown, Williamsburg, Seven Pines 

 Fair Oaks, and Mechanicsville, and, during 



Sherman. On October 2 1st, a portion of General a retrograde movement to Harrison's Landing 

 Stone's command, having crossed the Potomac on the James, at Cold Harbor, Savage's Station, 

 at Ball's Bluff, about midway between Harper's Frazier's Farm, and, finally (July 1st), at Mal- 

 hington, was defeated by the vern Hill. About the middle of August his army 

 Confederate General Evans, with a loss of 1,000 was transferred to the Potomac. The Confed- 

 out of 1,900 men. 



Federal Commodore Foote, with a fleet of gun- i Lee, 



boats from Cairo, reduced Fort Henry on the | retired to Richmond, to assume the offensive 

 east bank of the Tennessee River in Tennessee ; i against Washington. On August 9th an inde- 

 and on the 16th Fort Donelson, on the west j cisive battle was fought by General Banks 

 bank of the Cumberland, surrendered with about i against Jackson at Cedar Mountain ; and on 

 13,000 men to General Grant. The Cpnfeder- August 29th and 30th occurred the second battle 

 ates under McCulloch and others, just driven out j of Bull Run, between the Union army under 

 of Missouri, were defeated at Pea Ridge, Ark., j Pope and the Confederate forces under Jackson 

 March 7th-8th. In the night of April 7tn, Island and Longstreet, in which the latter had the 

 No. Ten in the Mississippi, a few miles above advantage. Lee moved to the Potomac above 

 New Madrid, Mo., surrendered, after a series of j Washington and crossed into Maryland. Jack- 

 operations by General Pope and Commodore j son captured Harper's Ferry with 11,500 men. 

 Foote, lasting over a month. The Federal fleet | McClellan, advancing to meet Lee, found him 

 was now enabled to proceed down the river as ! on September 15th strongly posted across Antie- 

 far as Vicksburg, Miss., receiving the surrender tarn Creek near Sharpsburg, where, on the two 



On February 6, 1862, the | erate army, commanded by General Robert E. 



who had succeeded J. E. Johnston, had 



of Memphis, Tenn., June 6th. The battle of 



Shiloh, Miss., raged two days (April 6th and 7th), 



hen the Confederates under Beauregard fell 



following days, a bloody battle was fought. In 

 the night of the 18th, Lee retreated into Virginia. 

 McClellan crossed the Potomac about November 



back to Corinth, leaving the field in the posses- i 1st. On the 7th he was superseded by General 

 rion of the Union army under Generals Buell Burnside, who moved down the Rappahannock 

 and Grant. Corinth was evacuated after some to Fredericksburg. Lee had made a parallel 

 operations against it under General Hal leek, movement down the south bank and strongly 

 An important event of the year was the capture intrenched himself on the bluffs behind the town. 

 of New Orleans toward the close of April by j On December 13th, Burnside crossed the river 

 naval and land forces under Captain Farragut j and made repeated attacks on the enemy's posi- 

 and General Butler. Early in the year Roanoke ! tion, but was repulsed with great slaughter, and 

 Island, New Berne, Beaufort, Washington, Ply- on the 15th returned to the north bank. On 

 mouth, and other places on the coast of North i January 26, 1863, Burnside was superseded by 

 Carolina were occupied by the Federals. On General Joseph Hooker. About the close of 

 April llth, Fort Pula>ki. at the mouth of the April Hooker began to cross the Rappahannock, 

 Savannah River, was reduced. Toward the end ! and concentrated his forces at Chancellorsville, 

 of August the Confederate General Bragg started where a bloody engagement ensued, May 2d-4th, 

 on an, invasion of Kentucky from East Tennes- in which the Union army was worsted by the 

 see. He captured Richmond, Lexington, and forces under Lee, Hooker recrossing to the north 

 Munfordsville, and on October 1st entered side of the river. General Jackson was mortally 



