LANGUAGE 



243 



granting is confined to such objects as afford pleasure 

 or convenience; bestowing is applied to such objects 

 only as are necessary to supply wants, which always , 

 consist of that which is transferable. 



To Give, Present, Offer, Exhibit. We give to 

 our domestics ; we present to princes; we offer to God; we 

 give to a person what we wish to be received; we present 

 to a person what we think agreeable; a poem is said to 

 exhibit marks of genius. 



To Give L'p, Abandon, Resign, Forego. To give 

 up is applied to familiar cases; abandon to matters of 

 importance: one gives up an idea, an intention, a plan, 

 and the like; one abandons a project, a scheme, a 

 measure of government. A man gives up his situation 

 by a positive act of his choice: he resigns his office when 

 it inconvenient to hold it: so, likewise, we give 

 up expectations, and resign hopes; we resign that 

 which we have, and we forego that which we might 

 have. 



Glaring, Barefaced. Glaring designates the thing; 

 barefaced characterizes the person: a glaring falsehood 

 is that which strikes the observer in an instant to be 

 falsehood; a barefaced lie or falsehood betrays the 

 effrontery of him who utters it. 



Glimpse. Glance. A glimpse is the action of the 

 object appearing to the eye; a glance is the action of 

 seeking the object: one catches a glimpse of 

 an object; one casts a glance at an object. 



Glory, Honor. Glory is something dazzling and 

 widely diffused; honor is something less splendid, but 

 more solid; glory impels to extraordinary efforts and 

 to great undertakings; honor induces to a discharge of i 

 one s duty. 



To Glory, Boast, Vaunt. To glory is to hold as 

 one's glory; to boast is to set forth to one's advantage; 

 to vaunt, is to set one's self up before others; to glory 

 is more particularly the act of the mind, the indulgence 

 of the internal sentiment; to boast denotes rather the 

 expression of the sentiment; to vaunt is properly to 

 proclaim praises aloud, and is taken either in an indif- 

 ferent or bad 



Godlike, Divine, Heavenly. Godlike is a more 

 expressive, but less common term than divine; the 

 former is used only as an epithet of peculiar praise for 

 an individual; divine is generally employed for that 

 which appertains to a superior being, in distinction from 

 that which is human; a heavenly being denotes the 

 angels or inhabitants of heaven, in distinction from 

 earthly beings. As divine is .opposed to human, so is 

 heavenly to earthly. 



Good -Nat 11 red. Good- Humor. Good-nature and 

 good-humor both imply the disposition to please and 

 be pleased* but the former is habitual and permanent, 

 the latter is temporary and partial: the former lies in 



ature and frame of the mind, the latter in the ' 

 state of the humors or spirits. 



To Go\erri. Rule. Regulate. The ex. 

 authority enters more or less into the signification of 



'crm-; but to govern implie- the exern.-e lik> 

 of judgment and knowledge. To rule implies rather 

 the unqualified exen-i-e of jxiwer. the making the will 

 the rule; a king governs his people by mean- of wi-e 

 laws and an upright administration;' a de-pot rule- 

 over a nation according to his arbitrary d"ci.-ioii; regu- 

 late is a species of governing -imply by judgment ; the 

 word is applicable to things of minor moment, where 

 the force of authority is not so requisite: one governs 

 the affairs of a nation, or a large body \\ 

 interests are involved; we regulate the concerns of an 

 individual. ' 



<.o\,-rtmicrit. \ d in in i - 1 r.i t ion. Moth these terms 



ployed either to designate the act of governing 



g. or the p. imin- 



g. In bo- eminent 1 . \ten- 



- ve meaning than admini-t rat ion : the former includes 

 : aiithontv; while administration mi 

 only that cxcrci-e of authority which con-i-l- in 

 ng the laws or will of another in force, \\hen we 

 peak of the government, as it reaped- the persons, 

 It implie- the whole |KM|.V of ., 



and the administration, only that part which put- m 

 execution the intention- of the whole. 



C.I.H.. < I. MM,. .ice is altogether corporeal; 

 charm i- either corporeal or mental: the gr:t 



body; the charm i- an inherent . r 

 m t \ ladv moved, dances, and walks 



with grace; the charm- of IW ;.d to those 



\ graceful t 



: tment of the b. 'irit in 



: which please* the eye. Grace i- a .pialu \ p 



to the eye. hut elegai ty of n hu 



that inspire* admiration; elegant i- applicable, like 



graceful, to the motion of the body, or like comely to 



the person, and is extended in its meaning also to lan- 

 guage, and even to dress. 



To Gratify, Indulge, Humor. To gratify Ls a 

 positive act of the choice; to indulge, is a negative act 

 of the will, a yielding of the mind to circumstances. One 

 gratifies his desires or appetites ; and indulges his humors, 

 or indulges in pleasures. We gratify and indulge others 

 as well as ourselves, and mostly in the good sense: to 

 gratify is for the most part in return for services; 

 it is an act of generosity: to indulge is to yield to the 

 wishes or be lenient to the infirmities of others; it is 

 an act of kindness or good-nature. To humor is mostly 

 taken in a bad sense. 



Gratuitous. Voluntary. Gratuitous is opposed to 

 that which is obligatory; voluntary is opposed to that 

 which is compulsory, or involuntary. 



Grave, Serious, Solemn. Grave expresses more 

 than serious; it does not merely batpeak the absence of 

 mirth, but that heaviness of mind which is d 

 in all the movements of the body; seriousness, on the 

 other hand, bespeaks no depression, but simply steadi- 

 ness of action, and a refrainment from all that is jocular; 

 a judge pronounces the solemn sentence of condemna- 

 tion in a solemn manner; a preacher delivers many 

 solemn warnings to his hearers. 



Great, Large, Big. Great is applied to all kinds 

 of dimensions in which things can grow or increase; 

 large signifies to give freely, it is properly applied to 

 space, extent, and quantity; big denotes great as to 

 expansion or capacity. A house, a room, is great or 

 large; an animal or a mountain is great or big; a road. 

 a city, a street, and the like, is termed rather great 

 than large. ~YVe may speak of a large portion; or of a 

 mind big with conception. 



Great. Grand. Sublime. These terms are synonv- 

 mous only in their moral application; great simply 

 designates extent; grand includes likewise the idea of 

 excellence and superiority. A great undertaking char- 

 acterises only the extent of the undertaking; a grand 

 undertaking bespeaks its superior excellence; sublime 

 designates the dimensions of height may be 



either grand or sublime; it is grand as it fills the imagina- 

 tion with its immensity; it is sublime a.s it ele\ 

 imagination beyond the surrounding and less important 

 objects. 



To Groan, Moan. Groan is a deep sound produced 

 by hard breathing; moan is a plaintive, long-drawn 

 sound produced by the organs of utterance. T' 

 proceeds involuntarily as an expression of 

 either of body or mind; the moan proceeds often from 

 the desire of awakening attention or exciting compassion. 



Gross, Coarse. I : c-e terms are synonymous m the 

 moral application. Crossness of habit is opposed to 

 delicacy; coar-ene-s to -c ,fi nc-s and refinement. Aper- 

 son becomes gross by an unrestrained indulgence of his 

 sensual appetites, particularly in eating ami drinking; 

 he is coarse from the want of polish either as to his mind 

 or manners. 



To Guard. Defend, Watch. To guard, in its 

 largest sense, comprehends both watching and defending. 

 that is, both the preventing the attack and the re-i-tmg 

 it when it is made. In the restricted sense, to guard is 

 properly to keep off an enem\ ; to defend is to drive him 

 hen he makes the attack, \\atch. like gunnl. 

 consists in looking to the danger. Hut it d. 

 sarilv imply the use of any mean- to prevent the danger; 

 he who watches may only give an alarm. 



(.n.ixl. . ii. irih. MI. I he guard only guards against 

 external evils; the guardian takes UJMHI him the office 



I of parent, counselor, and director. 

 I., (.m --. Conjecture. IH\in.-. \\ guews that a 

 thing actually i-; we conjecture that which may be: 

 guess that it is a certain hour; we conjecture a- to the 

 meaning of a person's actions. To guess and 



ire natural acts of the mind; to divine, in Us 

 propers' .pernatural act; m (hi- sense impo- 



tor- m our time prc-time to divine in m: 

 set above the reach of human comprehension. The 

 term employed to .lei- of gumming 



m different matters, as to divine the meaning of a mye- 



. \ i-.it,,,-. o, \ >-n., nt. Guent cignifieB one 



int i the one who 



- to we the 



i:d intercourse; but the guest par- 

 takes also of I,.. -p. 1 



Guise, Hnl.il. \ KMIM is that which ,- umiMinl. 

 and often only occa.ional; the habit i- thnt which 10 

 usual among particular clawe*: a person sometimes 

 f a peasant, m order the Wtter to 

 'nmself; he who devote* himself to the 

 on put. on the habit of n clergyman. 

 II.IPP>. lori.m.iic. Happy and fortunate are 



