244 



THE STAN DAK D DICTIONARY OF FACTS 



both applied rnal circumstance* of a man; 



but th e idea >f that which is a 



edly good; the latter, implies rather what is agreeable 



- wishes. A man is happy in his marriage or 

 child 



n.ipp.-M. (fiance. Happen respects all events, 

 llateral idea; chance compre- 

 hends likewise the idea of the cause MM ORMf <>f events; 

 whatevr- pass happens, whether regularly in 



^of things, or particularly and out <>f tl 

 \v':.a-.-\,- chances, happen- ai-.. nether without concert, 



\ other thine. 



llapp>. lortim.itr. Both ords are applied to 

 :i man; hut the former 

 i is abstractly good, the 

 :iphes rath. ureeahle t. 



A man is hai 1S fortunate in Ins 



trading i-nles the idea of chance; 



fortunate excludes the -ial effort. 



ll.irhor. ll.ixeri. I'ort. I he idea of a resting-place 

 terms. Harbor, carries 



with it little :mion idea of affording a 



.\en, conveys the idea of 



; an 'enclosure. A 



haven is a natural luirUir; a i>ort is an artificial harbor. 



. I HIM. olid. That is hard which will not 



that is firm which will 



Id SO as to produce a separation. Ice is hard, as 

 far as it respects itself, when it resists every picture; 

 it is firm, with regard to the water which it covers, 

 when it is so closely hound as to resist every weight, with- 

 out br. .:-d and solid respect the internal 

 f l>odies. and the adherence'of the com- 

 parts; hut hard denotes a much closer degree of 

 1 ; t he hard is opposed to the soft ; 

 the solid to the fluid. 



. ly. Where the idea of practica- 

 bility predominates, hardly seems most proper; and 

 where the idea of frequency predominates, scarcely 

 seems preferable. One can hardly judge of a person's 

 features by a single and partial glance; we scarcely ever 

 see men lay aside their vices from a thorough conviction 

 of their enormity. 



To H.i-ten. \< (derate. Speed, Expedite, Dls- 

 p;it( li. i .:- expresses: little more than the gen- 

 eral idea of quickness in moving toward a point; thus, 

 'ns who runs to get to the end of his journey; 

 accelerate exj >;<-. moreover, the idea of bringing 

 something to a point; thus, every mechanical business 

 is accelerated by the order and distribution of its several 

 includes not only quick but 



forward movement . He who goes with speed goes effectu- 

 ally forward, and comes to his journey's end the soonest. 

 This idea is excluded from the term haste, which may 

 a planless, unsuitable quickness. Hence the 

 proverb. "The more haste, the worse speed." Expedite 

 and dispatch are terms of higher import, in application 

 to the most serious concerns in life; but to expedite 

 expresses a process, a bringing forward toward an end; 

 dispatch implies a putting an end to, a making a clear- 

 \ thing in our power to expedite a 

 busine^- itch a great deal of business within 



a give: 



To Hasten. Hurry. To hasten and hurry both 

 imply to move forward with quickness in any matter; 

 but the former may proceed with some design and good 

 order, but the latter always supposes perturbation and 

 irregularity. 



To Hate. Meiest. To hate (v. antipathy) is a per- 

 sonal feeling directed toward the object independently 

 to detest (v. to abhor) is a feeling 

 independent of the person, and altogether dependent 

 upon the nature of the thing. One hates, but not de- 

 e pcr-ori who has done an injury to one's self; 

 and th; : her than hates, the person who 



lonfl injuries to or | 



Hateful. OdioiiN. Hateful i* properly applied to 

 :.ites general principles of morality; lying 



aring are hateful vices; odious is more commonly 

 applied to such things as affect the interests of others, 

 and bring odium upon the individual. 



llauulitim --. Di-dairi. Arrogance. Haughtiness 

 is founded on the high opinion we entertain of ourselves; 

 disdain, on the low opinion we have of others; arro- 

 gance is the result of both, but if anything, more of the 

 former than he latter. Haughtiness and disdain are 

 properly sentiments of the mind, and arrogance a mode 

 of acting resulting from a state of mind. 



To ll.i\t . Posaesa. To have is sometimes to have 

 in one's hand or within one's reach; but to p 

 to have as one's own: a clerk has the money which he 

 has fetched for his employer; the latter possesses the 

 money, which he has the power of turning to his use. 



To Ha/ard. Risk. Venture. He who hazards an 



opinion or an assertion does it from presumptuous feel- 

 inns and upon slight grounds; chances are rather against 

 him than for him that it may prove erroneous: he who 

 risks a battle does it often from necessity; he chooses 

 the least of two evils; although the event is dubious, 

 vet he fear- lc-- from a failure than from inaction: 

 lie who ventures on a mercantile speculation does it 

 from a love of gain. 



Healthx. \\holesoine. Salubrious. Salutary. 

 Healthy is applied to exercise, to air, situation, climate, 

 and most other things but food, for which wholesome is 

 commonly substituted: the life of a fanner is reckoned 

 the most healthy; and the simplest diet is the most 

 wholesome. Healthy and wholesome are rather nega- 

 tive m their sense; salubrious and salutary are positive: 

 that is healthy and wholesome which does no injury to 

 the health; that is salubrious which serves to improve 

 the health; and that is salutary which serves to remove 

 a disorder. 



To Heap, Pile, Accumulate, Amass. To heap is 

 an indefinite action; it may be performed with or with- 

 out order: to pile is a definite action done with design 

 and order; thus we heap stones, or pile wood. To ac- 

 cumulate is properly to bring or add heap to heap, 

 which is a gradual and unfinished act; to amass is to 

 form into a mass, which is a single complete act: a man 

 may accumulate guineas or anything else in small quan- 

 tities, but he properly amasses wealth. 



Hearty, Warm, Sincere, Cordial. There are 

 cases in which it may be peculiarly proper to be hearty, 

 as when we are supporting the cause of religion and 

 virtue; there are other cases in which it is peculiarly 

 proper to be warm, as when our affections ought to be 

 roused in favor of our friends; in all cases we ought to 

 be sincere, when we express either a sentiment or a 

 feeling; it is peculiarly happy to be on terms of cordial 

 regard with those who stand in any close relation to us. 

 The man himself should be hearty; his heart should be 

 warm; professions should be sincere; a reception cordial. 



Heed, Care, Attention. Heed (v. to attend) ap- 

 plies to matters of importance to one's moral conduct; 

 care (v. care, solicitude) to matters of minor import: 

 a man is required to take heed; a child is required to 

 take care: the former exercises his understanding in 

 taking heed; the latter exercises his thoughts and his 

 senses in taking care. We speak of giving heed and 

 paying attention ; but the former is applied only to that 

 which Is conveyed to us by another, in the shape of a 

 direction, a caution, or an instruction; but the latter 

 is said of everything which we are said to perform. 



Heinous, Flagrant, Flagitious, Atrocious. A 

 crime is heinous which seriously offends against the 

 laws of men; a sin is heinous which seriously offends 

 against the will of God; an offense is flagrant which is 

 in direct defiance of established opinions and practice: 

 it is flagitious if a gross violation of the moral law, or 

 coupled with any grossness; a crime is atrocious which 

 is attended with any aggravating circumstances. 



To Help, Assist, Aid, Succor, Relieve. Help 

 signifies to do good to; assist signifies to place one's 

 self by another so as to give him our strength; aid sig- 

 nifies to profit toward a specific end; succor signifies 

 to run to the help of anyone; relieve signifies to alle- 

 viate. We help a person to prosecute his work, or help 

 him out of a difficulty; we assist in order to forward a 

 scheme, or we assist a person in the time of his embar- 

 rassment ; we aid a good cause, or we aid a person to 

 make his escape; we succor a person who is in danger; 

 we relieve him in time ot distress. 



To Hesitate, Falter, Stammer, Stutter. A per- 

 son who is not in the habit of public speaking, or of 

 collecting his thoughts into a set form, will be apt to 

 hesitate even in familiar conversation; he who first, 

 addresses a public assembly will be apt to falter; chil- 

 dren who first begin to read will stammer at hard words; 

 and one who has an impediment in his speech will 

 stutter when he attempts to speak in a hurry. 



Heterodoxy, Heresy. To be of a different persua- 

 sion is heterodoxy; to have a, faith of one's own is heresy. 



High, Tall, Lofty. High expresses the idea of 

 extension upward, which is common to them all; what 

 is tall is high, but, what is high is not always tall; that, 

 which attains considerable height by growing is tall; 

 a thing may be high because on a pedestal ; loft y is said 

 of that which is extended in breadt h as well as in height; 

 we say that a house is high, a chimney tall, a room 

 lofty. 



To Hinder, Stop. We are hindered from proceed- 

 ing by something that draws us back; to stop refers 

 simply to the cessation of motions. 



To Hold, Keep, Detain, Retain. To hold is a 

 physical act; it requires a degree of bodily strength, 



