

Till: STANDARD DICTIONARY OF FACTS 



be said to be gamesome who gives in to idle 



I o POl H.i!. UK e. 1 ' 



-rht from pressing on either side; to baMl 

 keep the ba f bringing into an 



equilibrium is common to l>oth terms, hut a thinir is 

 j>:--i a- re-pec'- i:-elf; it i- balanced a- re.-pects other 



n. Venom. \ poison must be administered 

 inwardly to venom will act I 



temai a I the helleb. 



:.|er antl the tooth of the viper contain 



Polite. Polish, (!, Ketined. Politeness ami i>olish 



;ng nut externals; refinement 



as much to the min<l as the hod\ : rule- 



duet. a- man jtolite; le--ons 



: polish; refined manners 



or principles will naturally arise out of refinement of 



Position. Posture. The position is that in which a 

 to other bodies; as the standing 



with <>:. to an object is a posiiinn; but a 



ion which a body as>umes in rr-prrt 

 to itself, as a sitting or reclining iosture. 



To Pour. Spill. Slied. We pour with design; we spill 



:.-ni : we pour water over a plant or a bed; we 



spill it on the irround; to she<l is done in great quantities. 



Powerful. Pot.-nt. Mighty. Powerful is applicable 

 _'th as well as power: a powerful man is one who 

 by size ami make can easily overpower another; and a 

 powerful per.-on is one who has much in his power: po- 

 tent is use<l only in this hitter >ense. in which it expresses 

 a larger extent of power: a potent monarch is much more 

 than a powerful prince: mighty expresses a si ill higher 

 ,ight is power unlimited by any con- 

 sideration or circumstance; a giant is called mighty in 

 the ph> :nid genius is said to be mighty which 



verything within its grasp. 



To Pres*. >(|uce/c. Pinch, (Jrino. The forcible 

 action of one body on another is included in all these 

 In the won! pre.-s this is the only idea; the rest 

 differ in the circumstances; we may press with the foot, 

 the hand, or any particular limb; one squeezes com- 

 monly with the hand ; one pinches eit her wit h t he fingers 

 or an instrument constructed in a similar form; one 

 gripes with teeth, claws, or any instrument that can gain 

 hold of the object. 



Presumptive, Presumptuous, Presuming. A 

 presumptire heir is one presumed or expected to be heir; 

 !>tive evidence is evidence founded on some pre- 

 sumption or supposition; so likewise presumptive rea- 

 soning; but a presumptuous man, a presumptuous 

 thought, a presumptuous behavior, all indicate an unau- 

 thorized presumption in one's own favor: a man is pre- 

 suming, inasmuch as he shows himself disposed to pre- 

 sume. 



To Prevent, Anticipate. To prevent ?s literally to 

 come beforehand, and anticipate to take beforehand: 

 the former in employed for actual occurrences; the latter 

 a.- much for calculations as for actions; to prevent is 

 the act of a person toward other persons or things; to 

 anticip:: ; of a being either toward himself or 



another. In ' .od is said to prevent man with 



his favor by interposing so as to direct his purposes to 

 the right object. 



Pre\ious. Preliminary, Preparatory, Introduc- 

 tory. Previous apphe.- to actions and proceedings in 

 a- a previous question, a previous inquiry, a 

 previous determination: preliminary is employed only 

 for matters of contract: a preliminary article, a pre- 

 liminary condition, are what precede the final settlement 

 of any question: preparatory is employed for matters 

 of arrangement; the disposing of men in battle is pre- 

 paratory to an engagement; introductory is employed 

 for matters of science or discussion; as remarks are in- 

 troductory to the main subject in question. 



Principle. Motive. The principle lies in conscious 

 and unconsc,. : the motive only in .conscious 



agents: all nature is guided by certain principles; man 

 is put into action by certain motives. 



Privacy. Retirement, Seclusion. Privacy IB op- 

 to publicity; he who lives iii privacy is one who 

 follows no public line, who lives so as to be little known : 

 retirement is opposed to openness or freedom of access; 

 he who lives in retirement, withdraws from the society 

 of others, he lives by himself: seclusion is the excess of 

 retirement; he who lives in seclusion bars all access to 

 himself; he shuts himself from the world. 



Proceeding, Transaction. Proceeding signifies lit- 

 erally the thing that proceeds; and transaction the thing 

 transacted: the former is, therefore, of something that 

 is going forward ; the latter of something that is already 



done: we are witnesses to the whole proceeding; we 

 inquire into the whole transaction. 



Production. Performance, Work. The term pro- 

 duction cannot be employed without specifying or re- 

 ferring to the source from which it is produced, or the 

 mean- by which it is produced; as the production of art, 

 the production of the inventive faculty; a performance 

 cannot be spoken of without referring to the individual 

 by whom it has been performed ; hence we speak of this 

 or that person's performance. When we wish to specify 

 anything that results from wr.rk or labor, it is termed it 

 work: in this manner we speak either of the work of 

 one'- hands, or a work of the imagination. 



Profligate* Abandoned, Reprobate. A profligate 

 man has lost all by his vices, and consequently to his 

 vices alone he looks for the regaining those goods of for- 

 t une which lie has squandered ; as he has not hing to lose, 

 and everything to gain in his own estimation, by pursuing 

 the career of his vices, he surpasses all others in his un- 

 principled conduct: an abandoned man is altogether 

 abandoned to his passions, which, having the entire 

 sway over him, naturally impel him to every excess; the 

 reprobate man is one who has been reproved until he 

 becomes insensible to reproof, and is given up to the 

 malignity of his own pas.-ions. 



Prominent* Conspicuous. What, is prominent is, 

 in general, on that very account conspicuous; but many 

 things may be conspicuous which are not expressly 

 prominent : nothing is prominent but what projects be- 

 yond a certain line; everything is conspicuous which 

 may be seen by many. 



Promise, Engagement* Word. In promises the 

 faith of an individual is admitted upon his word, and 

 built upon as if it were a deed; in engagements the in- 

 tentions of an individual for the future are all that are 

 either implied or understood; as a promise and engage- 

 ment can be made only by words, the won! is often put 

 for either, or for both, as the case requires. 



Proportionate, Commensurate, Adequate. Pro- 

 portionate is here a term of general use; the others are 

 particular terms, employed in a similar sense, in regard 

 to particular objects: that is proportionate which rises 

 as a thing rises, arid falls as a thing falls; that is com- 

 mensurate which is made to rise to the same measure or 

 degree; that is adequate which is made to come up to the 

 height of another thing. 



To Provide, Procure, Furnish, Supply. Provide 

 and procure are both actions that have a special reference 

 to the future; furnish and supply are employed for that, 

 which is of immediate concern; one provides a dinner 

 in the contemplation that some persons are coming to 

 partake of it; one procures help in the contemplation 

 that it may be wanted; we furnish a room, as we find it 

 necessary for the present purpose; one supplies a family 

 with any article of domestic use. 



To Publish, Promulgate, Divulge, Reveal, Dis- 

 close. To publish is the most general of these terms, 

 conveying in its extended sense the idea of making 

 known; but it is in many respects indefinite: we may 

 publish to many or few; but to promulgate is always to 

 make known to many. We may publish that which is 

 a domestic or a national concern ; we promulgate proper- 

 ly only that which is of general interest; we divulge 

 things mostly not to be known; we commonly divulge 

 the secrets or the crimes of another; we reveal t he secret 

 or the mystery of a transaction; we disclose the whole 

 affair from beginning to end, which has never been 

 properly known or accounted for. 



To Put, Place, Lay, Set. One puts things generally, 

 but the way of putting is not defined; we may put a 

 thing into one's room, one's desk, one's pocket, and the 

 like; but to place is to put in a specific manner, and for 

 a specific purpose; one places a book on a shelf; to lay 

 ana set are still more specific than place; the former 

 being applied only to such things as can be made to lie; 

 and set only to such as can be made to stand: a book 

 may be said to be laid on the table when placed in a down- 

 ward position, and set on a shelf when placed on one end. 



Qualification* Accomplishment. The qualifica- 

 tion serves the purpose of utility; the accomplishment 

 serves to adorn : by the first we are enabled to make our- 

 selves useful ; by the second we are enabled to make our- 

 selves agreeable. 



Quarrel, Broil, Feud. Quarrel is the general and 

 ordinary term; broil and feud, including active host ilit y, 

 are particular terms. The idea of a variance between 

 two or more parties is common to these terms; but the 

 former respects the complaints and charges which are 

 reciprocally made; broil respects the confusion and 

 entanglement which arises from a contention and col- 

 lision of interests; feud respects the hostilities which 

 arise out of the variance. 



Question, Query. Questions and queries are both 



