LITERATURE 



329 



beatific vision. Its name is derived from its having 

 been supposed to be the region of fire. 



I adus. A Titan, son of Terra, and the most 

 powerful of all the giants who conspired against Jupiter, 

 and attempted toscale heaven. He was struck by Jupi- 

 ter's thunderbolts, and chained beneath Mount ./Etna. 



I mlym'lon, in Greek mythology, is the setting sun 

 with which the moon is in love. One of the many 

 renderings of his story is that Endymion was a beautiful 

 youth who fed his flock on Mount I.atmos. One clear 

 tiiirut, Diana, the moon, looked down and saw him 

 nt*. The cold heart of the goddess was warmed 

 by his beauty, and she came down to him, kissed him. 

 and watched over him while he slept. Another story 

 waa that Jupiter bestowed on him the gift of perpetual 

 youth united with perpetual sleep. One version of this 

 myth made sleep a reward for piety, while another 

 n made it a punishment for presuming to fall in 

 love with Hera. 



Kni pens. A fabled river in Thessaly. Poseidon 

 assumed the form of the god of this river in order to 

 obtain possession of Tyro, who was in love with Enipeus. 

 came the mother of Pelias and Neleus. 



I n > o. One of the gray-maidens who became the 

 goddess of war. who delights in bloodshed and the 

 destruction of towns, and accompanies Ares in battles. 



Eolus. Known in Roman mythology as the god of 

 the winds. 



Eos. The Roman name for Aurora. 



Ep'aphus. The son of Zeus and lo, born on the 

 river Nile, after the long wanderings of his mother. 

 He became king of Egypt, and built Memphis. 



Ep'eus. Noted as builder of the Trojan horse. 



I i < tin N. A name applied to the dark and gloomy 

 space under the earth through which the souls of the 

 <lr:til were obliged to pass on their way to Hades. The 

 name also means Tartarus, the prison house into which 

 Jupiter cast the Titans, the adherents of his father, 

 Saturn. 



Krga'tis. A name given to Minerva. It means the 

 work- woman, and was given to the goddess because she 

 was credited with having invented spinning and weaving. 



E'rls. The goddess of discord; a sister of Mars, 

 and a daughter of Night; the same as the Roman 

 "Discordia. 



Krl-king. Name given to the king of the elves, or 

 a spirit of the air. According to tradition, its home is 

 in the Black Forest of Germany and it appears as a 

 goblm. working harm and ruin, especially among children. 



E'ros. The Greek name of the deity called "Cupido," 

 or Cupid, by the Romans. He is said to have come 

 forth from the egg of Night, floated on Chaos, and to 

 have inherited arrows with which he pierced all things, 

 thereby giving new life and a torch with which he lighted 

 rid. (See Cupid.) 



I r > the'la. One of the daughters of Night appointed 

 to guard the golden apples in the gardens of the Hes- 

 p.-ndes. 



I r> thre'os. The Grecian name of one of the horses 

 of Sol's chariot. 



I t lion. One of the horses which drew the chariot 

 of Sol. the sun. The word is Greek and signifies hot. 



I .iim.t. u>. The faithful swine-herd of Ulysses. 



whom I clrMiarhus consulted upon his return to Minerva. 



I. n in. -M !.!.-.. \ euphemistic name given by the 

 Greeks to the Furies, whose true name of Erinnyes they 

 were afraid to utter. They are represented as the 

 daughters of Earth or of \urht. and as fearful winged 

 with serpents twined m their hair, and with 

 blood dripmng from their eves. They dwelt in the 

 depths of Tartarus, dreaded by gods and m.-n. 



Bapbor'bas. The son of Panthous, one of the 

 bravest of the Trojans, slain by Menelaus. who dedi- 

 cated his shield in the temple of Hera (Juno), near 

 Mycenae. Pythagoras asserted that he had once been 

 KuphorKu.H. and in proof of his assertion took down at 

 : I from the temple of Hera. 



I upl.ro. >M.. ( )ne of the three Grace*. She upeci- 

 nllv represented joy. as her sisters stood for splendor 

 ami pleasure. 



I urii'pa. Daughter of the Pheninan King Afenor, 

 Of, according to the Iliad, daughter of I'h.rmx. 



i .lire. The wife of nrphcu*. \\ho diod from 

 of a serpent. Orpheus, disconsolate at her ! -. 

 ! -termined to dasesod to the lower world, and obtain 



Eurydice were following, and she was instantly caught 

 back again into Hades. 



Kuryl'ochus. One of the companions of Ulysses 

 in his wanderings, and the only one of them who was 

 not changed by Circe into a hog. 



Eurys'theus. The King of Argos who appointed 

 the twelve labors of Hercules. 



Eury'tos. The god made tutor to Hercules, by Mer- 

 cury. who taught him the use of the bow and arrows. 



i ne. Wife of Capaneus. and mother of Sthen- 

 elus. Her husband having been killed at the siege of 

 Thebes, she threw herself upon the funeral pile, and 

 was consumed with him. 



Eical'ibar. (Written also Excalibur, Exealiber.) 

 The name of King Arthur's sword. When about to 

 die, he sent an attendant to throw the weapon into a 

 lake near by. Twice eluding the request, the knight 

 at last complied. A hand rose from the water, clu 

 the sword, and after waving it three times both sank. 



Fada. A fee or kobold of the south of France, some- 

 times called "Hada." These house-spirits, of which, 

 strictly speaking, there are but three, bring good luck 

 in their nght hand and ill luck in their left. 



Faf'nlr. In Northern mythology the eldest son of 

 the dwarf king. Hreidmar. The slaying of Fafnir is the 

 destruction of the demon of cold or darkness who had 

 stolen the golden light of the sun. 



Fah'fah. Name given to one of the rivers of Para- 

 dise in mythology of the East. 



Fa' ids. Name sometimes applied to Druids. 



Fane'sit. A mythical Scandinavian tribe far north. 

 whose ears were so long that they would cover their 

 whole body. 



Fates. In Greek and Roman mythology the Fates 

 are identical with the Parca>. They were three sisters. 

 (laughters of Night, whom Jupiter permitted to decide 

 the fortune and especially the duration of mortal life. 

 One of them "Clotho." attached the thread; the second. 

 " I^achesis," spun it; and the third. "Atropos." cut it 

 ofT. when the end of life arrived. They were viewed as 

 inexorable, and ranked among the inferior divinities of 

 the lower world. Their worship was not very general. 

 The Pare* were generally represented as three old wo- 

 men. with chaplets made of wool and interwoven with 

 the flowers of the Narcissus, wearing long robes, and 

 employed in their works: Clotho with a distaff; Lachesis 

 having near her sometimes several spindles; and Atropos 

 holding a pair of scissors. 



Fauni. Rural deities represented as having the legs. 

 feet, and ears of goats, and the rest of the body human. 

 Name of Italian origin. 



Fauns. Among the Romans, a class of rural deities 

 corresponding with the Greek Pan." They were the 

 demi-gods of woods and forests, and hence called "syl- 

 van deities," and are represented with horned head*. 

 sharp-pointed ears, and with their bodies below the waist 

 resembling those of goats. Their festival was celebrated 

 at Rome on the 5th of December. 



Fay. A diminutive name applied to a fairy or an 

 elf. 



IVII< 'Itas. A symbolical, moral deity of the Greeks 

 and Romans. She was the goddess of happiness and 

 prosperity, and is frequently seen on Roman medals. 

 in the form of a matron, with the staff of Mercury and a 

 cornucopia. 



IV nis. The name taken by Odin in the cap. 

 wave-stiller. Under this name he teaches mortals to 

 distinguish between good and bad omens and to know 

 the moods of the winds. 



Fenrlr or Frnrls. In Scandinavian mythology, the 

 wolf of sin. meaning the goading of a guilty conscteoca. 

 The "wolf" was the brother of Hel. When he gapea. 

 one jaw touches earth and the other heaven. 



ben. I ! - p .rdian angrls of Persian mythol- 

 ogy. They are countless in number, and their chief 

 tasks are for the well-being of man. 



I . n. nla. A goddess i of fruit*, numeries. and crow 

 among the Romans She had a very rich temple and 

 grove specially sacred to her. She waa honored aa the 

 patroness of enfranchised slaves, who ordinarily received 



H 



lion for hi- i...|,, v .-,| Kurydice to return to the 

 regions of light. Armed only with tun lyre, he entered 

 the realms of Hades, and gained an easy admittance to 

 the palace of Hut o Orpheus was promised she should 

 return ..n condition that he looked not back till she 

 had reached the upper world. Whrn the poet got to 

 the confine* of his journey, he turned hi* head to see if 



blossoms 



of " Flora. 



Fortit., 



KnwasE 



the moral deities o 



waa one of the moral deities of the Roman*. 



Fortu'na. Known also a* Fortune and son 

 an the goddea* of Chance, to whom waa ascribed the d,. 

 tnl.ution and the superintendence of prosperity and ad- 

 versity in general. 



